Table 2.
Questionnaires used in this study.
| Health-related quality of life (HRQoL): Nijmegen Cochlear Implantation Questionnaire (NCIQ) | NCIQ is a validated tool designed to determine the HRQoL of implanted patients. The three main domains “physical,” “psychological,” and “social” are derived from six subdomains:
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| Speech perception: Freiburg Monosyllabic Test | The Freiburg Monosyllabic Test was used to determine the preoperative speech recognition in silence at 65-dB sound pressure level with optimized hearing aid and postoperative with cochlear implant again as well |
| Subjective audiological assessment: Oldenburg Inventory (OI) | Data were collected preoperatively and postoperatively about the subjective hearing with the OI. The OI additionally includes a total score in 3 categories: “hearing in quiet,” “hearing with background noise,” and “localization.” The 12 closed questions about everyday situations were marked with points from 1 to 5. The higher the score, the better the subjective hearing |
| Tinnitus distress: Tinnitus Questionnaire (TQ) | The tinnitus distress can be determined with TQ (26). Collected data represent 6 subdomains: emotional and cognitive distress, intrusiveness, auditory perceptual difficulties, sleeping disturbances, somatic complaints. The mean value is used to determine tinnitus grade: light (0–30 points), average (31–46 points), high (47–59 points), and very high (60–84 points). In addition, separation into compensated (≤46 points) and decompensated (47–84 points) tinnitus can be done based on the total score. The test–retest reliability is 0.94 for the total value and between 0.86 and 0.92 for the subscales. Cronbach’s α is 0.94 for the total value of the TQ and between 0.74 and 0.92 for the subscales |