Table 2.
Key outcomes at 24 months
| Lifestyle and medical management | Roux-en-Y gastric bypass | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Taiwan (N = 16) | US (N = 19) | P value | Taiwan (N = 14) | US (N = 22) | P value | |
| Meets triple endpoint | 3 (19 %) | 1 (7 %) | 0.25 | 5 (36 %) | 11 (52 %) | 0.40 |
| HbA1c < 7.0 % (53 mmol/mol) | 3 (19 %) | 3 (20 %) | 0.99 | 12 (86 %) | 14 (67 %) | 0.20 |
| LDL cholesterol <100 mg/dL | 13 (81 %) | 10 (67 %) | 0.17 | 8 (57 %) | 17 (81 %) | 0.20 |
| SBP < 130 mmHg | 13 (81 %) | 10 (67 %) | 0.21 | 12 (86 %) | 19 (90 %) | 0.84 |
| Change in weight (kg) | −4.2 (4.5) | −8.1 (7.9) | 0.36 | −18.4 (5.9) | −24.2 (11.2) | 0.13 |
| Percent weight change | −5.1 (5.5) | −8.8 (8.2) | 0.48 | −21.2 (6.1) | −24.5 (10.7) | 0.45 |
| Change in BMI | −1.9 (1.9) | −2.8 (2.5) | 0.47 | −6.9 (2.1) | −8.1 (3.6) | 0.34 |
| Change in waist circumference (cm) | −4.8 (5.1) | −8.2 (9.1) | 0.21 | −20.8 (9.7) | −22.2 (9.7) | 0.68 |
| Change in fasting glucose (mmol/L) | −1.04 (3.49) | −2.35 (4.42) | 0.11 | −5.30 (2.64) | −6.50 (5.22) | 0.32 |
| Change in HbA1c (%) | −0.59 (1.52) | −1.41 (1.56) | 0.19 | −3.24 (1.05) | −2.83 (1.58) | 0.49 |
| Change in LDL-C (mmol/L) | −0.38 (1.19) | −0.39 (1.27) | 0.87 | −0.87 (1.16) | −0.30 (0.82) | 0.09 |
| Change in HDL-C (mmol/L) | −0.02 (0.22) | 0.02 (0.23) | 0.75 | 0.24 (0.21) | 0.24 (0.45) | 0.97 |
| Change in triglycerides (mmol/L) | 0.21 (3.20) | −0.13 (2.17) | 0.98 | −0.92 (0.65) | −2.30 (6.92) | 0.48 |
| Change in total cholesterol (mmol/L) | −0.51 (1.47) | −0.26 (1.51) | 0.57 | −0.60(1.37) | −0.68 (1.10) | 0.82 |
| Change in creatinine (μmol/L) | 0 (9.7) | 6.1 (20.5) | 0.30 | −7.58 (7.55) | −0.55 (20.0) | 0.22 |
| Change in fasting C-peptide (nmol/L) | −0.13 (0.36) | −0.11 (0.42) | 0.57 | −0.44 (0.98) | −0.22 (0.34) | 0.38 |
| Change in post-meal C-peptide (nmol/L) | −0.08 (0.72) | 0.01 (0.65) | 0.67 | −0.27 (1.31) | 0.11 (0.70) | 0.35 |
| Change in SBP | −9.1 (12.4) | −2.8 (18.6) | 0.19 | −16.1 (14.1) | −5.8 (14.4) | 0.03 |
| Change in DBP | −4.1 (7.9) | -0.5 (10.1) | 0.54 | −13.2 (6.7) | −5.8 (10.1) | 0.02 |
| Taking Insulin | 3 (19 %) | 9 (60 %) | 0.03 | 0 (0 %) | 4 (19 %) | 0.13 |
| Taking other glycemic medicines | 15 (94 %) | 14 (93 %) | 0.42 | 4 (29 %) | 11 (52 %) | 0.18 |
| Taking dyslipidemia medicines | 14 (88 %) | 9 (60 %) | 0.11 | 7 (50 %) | 10 (48 %) | 0.95 |
| Taking blood pressure medicines | 5 (31 %) | 11 (73 %) | 0.04 | 3 (21 %) | 8 (38 %) | 0.26 |
| Number of medications for control of glycemia, dyslipidemia, and blood pressure | 3.9 (1.6) | 4.6 (2.0) | 0.54 | 1.1 (1.0) | 1.9 (1.6) | 0.08 |
US United States, BMI body mass index, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin, LDL cholesterol low density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL cholesterol high density lipoprotein cholesterol