Table 1.

Behavioral risk factors identified in normative and descriptive research and addressed in the MyHealthyPregnancy app.

Pregnancy risk factor	Common challenge or misperception	Exemplar quote	App-based solution
Nutrition and weight gain	Avoidance of weight measurement Beliefs about nutrition	“I’m really into fitness and workout every day, so it’s depressing to me to see how much weight I’ve gained. So, I actually only weigh myself when I come (to the hospital).” “(The midwives) said I needed to start eating healthy. I just kept eating beef jerky, slushies. I didn’t eat bad food. I just ate what pregnant girls want to eat. I said, ‘If I’m getting bigger, that means my baby is growing. So, it doesn’t matter’.”	Daily weight monitoring and feedback on ideal weight trajectory FAQs on appropriate diet
Symptomatic bleeding or fluid loss	Confusion between spotting, miscarrying, and menstruation	“My pregnant sister is kind of nervous because she’s actually on her (menstrual) period now, and she doesn’t want to (have a miscarriage) again.”	Daily symptom assessment with feedback on need for immediate medical care (when appropriate)
Routine prenatal care	Barriers to transportation	“There were plenty of times (I missed appointments). I would normally have to catch a bus...and then I would have to walk up that big, long hill and then make a left...when (my belly) was getting out to here, I was like, ‘Ugh, I can’t do it anymore’.”	Complimentary transportation via Uber
Violence	Fear for personal safety during pregnancy	“(He) shot at me...because I used to date his cousin. He’s tried to come after me quite a few times, even after I gave birth.”	Diagnostic assessment of intimate partner violence and provision of assistance
Smoking	Perceived safety of smoking during pregnancy	“When you’re pregnant, it’s better not to stop (smoking) because the baby knows that you’re smoking and the baby can go through a nicotine withdrawal.”	Routine assessment of smoking and provision of smoking cessation resources
Preterm labor	Unfamiliarity with signs of labor	“My boyfriend, he had me laughing hysterically and I thought I was going into labor. I actually googled ‘laughing during pregnancy.'"	Contraction timer and feedback on preterm labor and delivery readiness
Fetal movement		“I always tell myself, ‘If I don’t feel her in the next hour, I’m going to the hospital’.”	Kick counter