TABLE 3.

Effects of an integrated agriculture, nutrition, and health intervention on maternal dietary patterns, overall and by visit, for 505 women in Western Kenya enrolled in early to midpregnancy and followed through 9 mo postpartum¹

	INT	CON	Difference (95% CI)
WDDS (possible range: 0–10)
Visit 1 (enrollment)	5.5 ± 0.4	5.3 ± 0.4	0.2 (0.1, 0.5)*
Visit 2 (late third trimester)	5.4 ± 0.4	5.0 ± 0.4	0.4 (0.1, 0.7)**
Visit 3 (4 mo postpartum)	5.4 ± 0.40	5.2 ± 0.4	0.3 (0.0, 0.6)*
Visit 4 (9 mo postpartum)	6.1 ± 0.45	5.7 ± 0.4	0.4 (0.1, 0.7)**
Difference in difference2			0.1 (−0.1, 0.5)
Number of days consumed VA-FVs in past 7 d
Visit 1 (enrollment)	4.6 ± 0.6	4.3 ± 0.6	0.3 (−0.1, 0.8)
Visit 2 (late third trimester)	2.7 ± 0.6	2.1 ± 0.7	0.6 (0.1, 1.1)‡
Visit 3 (4 mo postpartum)	2.7 ± 0.6	1.6 ± 0.7	1.0 (0.6, 1.5)‡
Visit 4 (9 mo postpartum)	2.5 ± 0.7	1.0 ± 0.7	1.5 (1.1, 2.0)‡
Difference in difference			0.4 (0.2, 0.6)‡

¹Values are cluster- and covariate-adjusted least-squares means ± SEs. A total of 505 women (250 INT, 255 CON) were enrolled and had data available at enrollment, 383 women (178 INT, 205 CON) had data available at visit 2, 401 (196 INT, 205 CON) at visit 3, and 385 (193 INT, 192 CON) at visit 4. *P < 0.10, **P < 0.05, ^‡P < 0.01. CON, control; INT, intervention; VA-FV, vitamin A–rich fruit and vegetable; WDDS, women’s dietary diversity score (based on consuming food groups on 3 of 7 previous days).

²Difference in difference estimates are the interaction term of treatment and time derived from restricted maximum likelihood estimations of longitudinal data by using mixed-effects models.