Table 2. Summary of model performance based on simulated responses. d.o.f = degrees of freedom; W-H test = Williams-Hotelling test.

Dataset	% variance in roughness explained by mean rate	% variance in roughness explained by spatial variation	d.o.f.	T statistic (W-H test of correlations)	P value
A	10.8%	69.4%	15	−2.86	1.19e-02
B	10.6%	84.4%	15	−6.77	6.25e-06
C	49.8%	86.4%	2	−1.47	2.79e-01
D	87.5%	79.9%	13	+0.88	3.93e-01
Pooled	54.9%	84.9%	45	−4.50	4.80e-05