Table 1.
Sampling design | Question type | ||||||||||||
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Name/study website | Probability | Nonprobability | Sample characteristics | Study years | Sexual identity | Sexual behavior (past 30 days) | Sexual behavior (past 12 months) | Sexual behavior (past 5 years) | Sexual behavior (lifetime) | Attraction | Partner status | Specific questions | PI/contact and data access |
Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey: Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing, England11 http://content.digital.nhs.uk/article/3739/National-Study-of-Health-and-Wellbeing |
Population: noninstitutionalized British residents; Age: ≥16years Size: varies 2014: 7500 |
2000, 2007, 2014 | 2014: Which of the following options best describes how you think of yourself? Heterosexual or Straight, Gay or Lesbian, Bisexual, Other | PI: National Centre for Social Research, and the Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester. | |||||||||
Altogether, in the last 5 years, how many same sex partners have you had sex with? | E-mail: enquiries@nhsdigital.nhs.uk | ||||||||||||
Altogether, in the last year, how many same-sex partners have you had sexual intercourse with? | Phone: +44-(0)-0300-303-5678 | ||||||||||||
2007: Which statement best describes your sexual orientation? This means sexual feelings, whether or not you have had any sexual partners: Entirely heterosexual (attracted to persons of the opposite sex); Mostly heterosexual, some homosexual feelings; Bisexual (equally attracted to men and women); Mostly homosexual, some heterosexual feelings; Entirely homosexual (attracted to persons of the same sex) | Data access: https://discover.ukdataservice.ac.uk/series/?sn=2000044 | ||||||||||||
Have your sexual partners been…? only opposite sex; mainly opposite sex, but some same-sex partners; mainly same-sex, but some opposite sex, partners; only same sex, I have not had a sexual partner | |||||||||||||
Please choose the answer below that best describes how you think of yourself: completely heterosexual, mainly heterosexual, bisexual, mainly gay or lesbian, completely gay or lesbian | |||||||||||||
American Community Survey12 census.gov/acs |
Population: noninstitutionalized U.S. residents; Age: all ages |
Annually 2000–present | How is this person [Person 2] related to Person 1? Husband or wife, Unmarried partner | PI: U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau | |||||||||
Size: varies | What is Person 2's sex? Male Female | Phone: 1-800-923-8282 Data access: www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs |
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Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health13 alswh.org.au |
Population: female, Australian Medicare recipients Age: 18–23, 45–50, 70–75 in 1996 Size: 41,600 |
1996–present Longitudinal |
1946–1951 cohort-specific questions: What is your present marital status? (Mark one only) Married (registered), De facto relationship (opposite sex), De facto relationship (same sex), Separated, Divorced, Widowed, Never married (2013, 2010, 2007) |
E-mail: a.dobson@sph.uq.edu.au Data access: requires application and study team review |
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1973–1978 cohort-specific questions: Which of these most closely describes your sexual orientation? (Mark one only) I am exclusively heterosexual, I am mainly heterosexual, I am bisexual, I am mainly homosexual (lesbian), I am exclusively homosexual (lesbian), I don't know, I don't want to answer (2014, 2012) |
More information: http://alswh.org.au/how-to-access-the-data/alswh-data | ||||||||||||
What is your present marital status? (Mark one only) Never married, Married, De facto (opposite sex), De facto (same sex), Separated, Divorced, Widowed (2015, 2012, 2009) | |||||||||||||
What are your living arrangements? (Mark all that apply) I live alone, I live with one or both parents, I live with other adults, I live with my male partner, I live with my female partner (2014) | |||||||||||||
1989–1995 cohort-specific questions: Which of these most closely describes your sexual orientation? (Mark one only) I am exclusively heterosexual, I am mainly heterosexual, I am bisexual, I am mainly homosexual (lesbian), I am exclusively homosexual (lesbian), I don't know, I don't want to answer. |
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What are your living arrangements? (Mark all that apply) I live alone, I live with one or both parents, I live with other adults, I live with my male partner, I live with my female partner (2015) | |||||||||||||
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System3,14 cdc.gov/brfss |
Population: noninstitutionalized U.S. residents; Age: ≥18 years Size: varies |
Annual | We ask this question to better understand the health and healthcare needs of people with different sexual orientations. Do you consider yourself to be Straight, Lesbian or Gay, Bisexual, Other, Don't know/Not sure |
PI: CDC Behavioral Survey Branch Data access: Contact state-by-state project officers (www.cdc.gov/brfss/state_info/coordinators.htm) More information: see BRFSS state-added question database (www.cdc.gov/brfss/questionnaires/index.htm) |
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California Health Interview Survey15 chis.ucla.edu |
Population: California residents; | Biennially | Do you think of yourself as straight or heterosexual, gay/lesbian or homosexual, or bisexual? | PI: UCLA Center for Health Policy Research E-mail: chis@ucla.edu |
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Age: ≥18 years | Is that partner (if sexually active) male or female? (Referring to past 30 days) | Phone: 866-275-2447 | |||||||||||
Size: 50,000 | In the past 12 months, have your sexual partners been male, female, or both male and female? | Data access: Sexual minority data are restricted and require application and payment of a minimum $1,000 data processing/analysis fee More information: chis.ucla.edu/main/DAC/default.asp |
|||||||||||
California Women's Health Survey16 www.dhcs.ca.gov/dataandstats/Pages/CWHS.aspx |
Population: California adult women living in households with telephones | Annually since 1997 | Which of the following best describes you? Would you say… Heterosexual (straight), Gay or Lesbian, Bisexual, Not sure, Don't know | Contact: Julia C. Tomassilli, PhD E-mail: julia.tomassilli@csus.edu |
|||||||||
Age: ≥18 years Size: ∼4000 |
Which response best describes whom you have had sex with in the past 12 months? Would you say… Sex only with a woman (or with women), Sex only with a man (or with men), Sex with both men and women, Did not have sex, Don't know | Phone: 916-278-2081 More information: www.dhcs.ca.gov/dataandstats/reports/Documents/OWHReports/SurveysandDocumentation/CWHS.2012.Documentation.pdf Note: Refer to technical documentation before requesting data |
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Canadian Community Health Survey17 statcan.gc.ca/imdb-bmdi/3226-eng.htm |
Population: noninstitutionalized Canadian residents; Age: ≥12 years |
Biennially 1991–2007 Annually 2008–present |
Do you consider yourself to be…? Heterosexual (sexual relations with people of the opposite sex), Homosexual, that is, lesbian or gay (sexual relations with people of your own sex), Bisexual (sexual relations with people of both sexes) | PI: Statistics Canada E-mail: hd-ds@statcan.gc.ca Phone: 613-951-1746 |
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Size: 65,000 | In the past 12 months, have you had sex with a male? In the past 12 months, have you had sex with a female? | Data access: requires application and fulfillment of eligibility criteria, data must be analyzed at Research Data Centers More information: statcan.gc.ca/rdc-cdr/ |
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During your lifetime, have you had sex with…? Males only, Females only, Both males and females | |||||||||||||
Colorado Tobacco Attitudes and Behaviors Survey18 www.ucdenver.edu/academics/colleges/PublicHealth/community/CEPEG/TABS/Pages/TABS.aspx |
Population: English- or Spanish-speaking Colorado residents Household sampling based on landline or cell phone Age: ≥18 years Size: 12,000–18,000 |
2001, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2015 | Do you consider yourself to be Heterosexual, that is, straight; Homosexual, that is, gay or lesbian; Bisexual, or something else? | Contact: Colorado School of Public Health E-mail: colorado.sph@ucdenver.edu Phone: 303-714-4585 Data access: www.ucdenver.edu/academics/colleges/PublicHealth/community/CEPEG/TABS/Surveys/Pages/default.aspx |
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Current Population Survey19 census.gov/cps/ |
Population: civilian, noninstitutionalized U.S. residents; Age: ≥16 years Size: 50,000 |
Monthly | How is [Person 2] related to you? Opposite-sex spouse (Husband/Wife), Opposite-sex unmarried partner, Same-sex spouse (Husband/Wife), Same-sex unmarried partner | PI: U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau Phone: 1-800-923-8282 Data access: www.census.gov/programs-surveys/cps/data-detail.html |
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General Social Survey20 gss.norc.org/ |
Population: noninstitutionalized U.S. residents; Age: ≥18 years Size: 2000 |
Annually until 1994 Biennially since 1994 |
Which of the following best describes you? Gay, lesbian, or homosexual; Bisexual; Heterosexual or Straight; Don't Know | PI: Tom W. Smith E-mail: GSS@norc.org Phone: 733-256-6288 |
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Have your sex partners in the last 12 months been… Exclusively male, Both male and female, Exclusively female, Don't know | Data access: available for download at http://gss.norc.org/Get-The-Data or through gssdataexplorer.norc.org | ||||||||||||
Have your sex partners in the last 5 years been… Exclusively male, Both male and female, Exclusively female, Don't know | |||||||||||||
Now, thinking about the time since your 18th birthday (again, including the recent past that you have already told us about) how many female partners have you ever had sex with? | |||||||||||||
Again thinking about the time since your 18th birthday (again, including the recent past that you have already told us about) how many male partners have you ever had sex with? | |||||||||||||
Growing Up Today Study21 gutsweb.org |
Population: Children of Nurses' Health Study participants Age: 9–14 in 1996 and 10–17 in 2004 Size: GUTS-16,700 GUTS2-10,900 |
Annually since 1996 Longitudinal |
During your life, the person(s) with whom you have had sexual contact (however you define it) is (are): I have not had sexual contact with anyone, Female(s), Males(s), Female(s) and Male(s) | Contact: Xenia Kumph, Project Manager E-mail: gutsadmin@channing.harvard.edu |
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Which of the following best describes your feelings? Completely heterosexual (attracted to persons of the opposite sex), Mostly heterosexual, Bisexual (equally attracted to men and women), Mostly homosexual, Completely homosexual (gay/lesbian, attracted to persons of the same sex), Not sure | Data access: Investigators who are interested in using GUTS data or surveys should e-mail the Project Manager. | ||||||||||||
Is your partner in your current relationship: Male, Female | |||||||||||||
Healthy Youth Survey22 www.doh.wa.gov/DataandStatisticalReports/DataSystems/HealthyYouthSurvey |
Population: Students from schools randomly sampled at the state level Age: grades 6, 8, 10, and 12 Size: varies |
2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014 | Which of the following best describes you? Heterosexual (straight), Gay or lesbian, Bisexual, Not sure | Contact: Jennifer Sabel at Washington State Department of Health E-mail: Jennifer.Sabel@doh.wa.gov Phone: 360-236-4248 Data request: www.doh.wa.gov/DataandStatisticalReports/DataSystems/HealthyYouthSurvey |
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Kaiser Permanente Member Health Survey23 dor.kaiser.org/external/DORExternal/mhs/index.aspx |
Population: northern California Kaiser health plan members; Age: ≥20 years Size: 42,000 |
1993–ongoing, every 3 years | Are you bisexual or [lesbian/gay]? No; yes, bisexual; yes, [lesbian/gay]. | Nancy P. Gordon, ScD, Study Director, Research Investigator, Division of Research Phone: 510-891-3587 E-mail: nancy.gordon@kp.org dor.kaiser.org/external/Nancy_Gordon |
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Los Angeles County Health Survey24 lapublichealth.org/ha/hasurveyintro.htm |
Population: Los Angeles county residents Age: ≥18 years Size: 7200 |
1997, 1999–2000, 2002–2003, 2005, 2007, 2011 | Now I'll read a list of terms people sometimes use to describe themselves. As I read the list, please stop me when I get to the term that best describes how you think of yourself. Heterosexual/Straight, Homosexual/gay/Lesbian, Bisexual, Don't Know | PI: Los Angeles County Department of Public Health Phone: 213-240-7785 Data access: requires submission of a proposal and documentation of data security. |
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Over the past 12 months, with how many [women/men] have you had sex? | More information on data access: lapublichealth.org/ha/HA_DATA.htm | ||||||||||||
Midlife Development in the United States25–27 midus.wisc.edu |
Population: noninstitutionalized, English-speaking U.S. adults; Age: 25–74 years Size: 7100 |
Wave 1: 1995–1996 Wave 2: 2004–2006 Wave 3: 2013–2014 Longitudinal |
MIDUS 1: How would you describe your sexual orientation? Would you say you are heterosexual (sexually attracted only to the opposite sex), homosexual (sexually attracted only to your own sex), or bisexual (sexually attracted to both men and women)? | PI: Carol Ryff, PhD Phone: 608-262-2056 Data and documentation available for download: dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR04652 |
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MIDUS 2: How would you describe your sexual orientation? Would you say you are primarily heterosexual (sexually attracted only to the opposite sex), homosexual (sexually attracted only to your own sex), or bisexual (sexually attracted to both men and women)? | |||||||||||||
MIDUS 2: Is [KHNAME] a male or a female? Male, Female, Don't Know/Not sure | |||||||||||||
MIDUS 2: How is [KHNAME] related to you? Husband or wife, lover/partner, same-sex lover/partner | |||||||||||||
MIDUS 3: Is [KHNAME] a male or a female? Male, Female, Don't know/Not sure | |||||||||||||
MIDUS 3: How is [KHNAME] related to you? Husband or wife, lover/partner, same-sex lover/partner | |||||||||||||
Minnesota Student Survey28 www.health.state.mn.us/divs/chs/mss |
Population: students in regular public schools, alternative schools, and area learning centers and students in juvenile correctional facilities Age: grades 6, 9, and 12 Size: varies 2013: 165,000 |
Conducted every 3 years; 1992–2013 | During the last 12 months, with how many different male/female partners have you had intercourse? (dichotomized to… had sex with someone of the same sex or had heterosexual sex) | Contact: Ann Kinney E-mail: ann.kinney@state.mn.us Phone: 651-201-5946 Data access: E-mail to request data use and agreement forms |
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National Adult Tobacco Survey29 www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/surveys/nats |
Population: U.S. national stratified sample based on landline and cell phone of noninstitutionalized adults | 2009–2010, 2012–2013 | Do you think of yourself as…? | PI: CDC | |||||||||
Age: ≥18 years | For men: Gay; Straight, that is, not gay; Bisexual; Something else | Phone: 800-CDC-INFO | |||||||||||
Size: varies | For women: Lesbian or gay; Straight, that is, not lesbian or gay; Bisexual; Something else | Data access: www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/surveys/nats | |||||||||||
National Alcohol Survey30 arg.org/center/national-alcohol-surveys |
Population: U.S. residents Age: ≥18 years Size: 7000 |
2005, every 5 years | Which of the following statements best describes your sexual orientation? Heterosexual, that is, straight, or prefer to have sex with people of the opposite sex; Bisexual, that is, prefer to have sex with people of either sex; or Homosexual, that is, gay or lesbian, or prefer to have sex with people of your own sex; Don't Know | PI: Alcohol Epidemiologic Data System E-mail: AEDSinfo@csrincorporated.com |
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Thinking of the last 5 years, that is, since (SEASON) of (YEAR), has the partner or partners in your sexual relationships been Only men, Mostly men, About the same number of men and women, Mostly women, Only women, or Have you not had a sexual relationship in the last 5 years? | |||||||||||||
National College Health Assessment31–33 achancha.org |
Population: college students at select U.S. colleges and universities | Biannually 2000–present | NCHA I: Which of the following best describes you? Heterosexual, Bisexual, Unsure, Gay/Lesbian, Transgendered | PI: American College Health Association E-mail: mhoban@acha.org Phone: 410-859-1500 Data access: requires application |
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Age: ≥18 years old Size: varies; Spring 2015: 93,000 |
Within the last 12 months, were your sexual partner(s), if any, N/A, Female, Male, Both Male and Female | More information on data access: acha-ncha.org/research.html | |||||||||||
NCHA II: What is your sexual orientation? Heterosexual, Gay/Lesbian, Bisexual, Unsure | |||||||||||||
Within the last 12 months, did you have sexual partner(s) who were (Please mark the appropriate column [Yes/No] for each row) Female, Male, Transgender | |||||||||||||
NCHA IIc: What term best describes your sexual orientation? Asexual, Bisexual, Gay, Lesbian, Pansexual, Queer, Questioning, Same Gender Loving, Straight/Heterosexual, Another identity (please specify) | |||||||||||||
Within the past 12 months, did you have sexual partner(s) who were Women, Men, Trans women, Trans men, Genderqueer, Persons with another identity | |||||||||||||
National Comorbidity Survey34–36 hcp.med.harvard.edu/ncs |
Population: noninstitutionalized U.S. residents; Age: ≥18 years old |
NCS-1: 1990–1992 NCS-2: 2001–2002 |
Which of the categories on the card best describes you? Heterosexual (straight), Gay or lesbian, Bisexual, Not sure | PI: Ronald Kessler E-mail: NCS@hcp.med.harvard.edu Data access: data are publicly available for NCS and NCS-R. However, NCS-R sexual minority measures are restricted and require a restricted use dataset application. NCS-2 data are restricted and require application for access: www.hcp.med.harvard.edu/ncs |
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Size: NCS-1: 8000 NCS-2: 5000 NCS-R: 10,000 |
NCS-R: 2001–2003 | In the past 5 years, how many [men/women] have you had sexual intercourse with? (Circle one category) None, 1, 2–5, 6–10, >10 | |||||||||||
Relationship roster includes relationship to respondent and sex | |||||||||||||
National Drug Strategy Household Survey37 www.aihw.gov.au/alcohol-and-other-drugs/data-sources/about-ndshs |
Australian population Age: ≥12 years Size: varies 2013: 24,000 |
Every 3 years 1998–present |
Do you think of yourself as…? Heterosexual or straight; homosexual (gay or lesbian); bisexual; not sure, undecided: something else | PI: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare E-mail: Open.data@aihw.gov.au Data access: http://data.gov.au/dataset/aa3cb47f-b3b4-492a-8f98-c6013beb814e |
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National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions38 niaaa.nih.gov/research/nesarc-iii |
Population: noninstitutionalized U.S. residents; Age: ≥18 years |
Wave 1: 2001–2002 Wave 2: 2004–2005 |
Which of the categories on the card best describes you? Heterosexual (straight), gay or lesbian, bisexual, not sure | PI: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Contact: Nekisha Lakins, CSR Incorporated E-mail: nlakins@csrincorporated.com Phone: 703-741-7157 |
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Size: Wave 1: 43,100 Wave 2: 34,700 Wave 3: 36,300 |
Wave 3: 2012–2013 Longitudinal |
In your entire life, have you had sex with only males, only females, both males and females, or have you never had sex? | Data access: researchers interested in accessing NESARC datasets should contact Aaron White, PhD, at aaron.white@nih.gov or 301-451-5943 | ||||||||||
People are different in their sexual attraction to other people. Which category on the card best describes your feelings? Only attracted to females, mostly attracted to females, equally attracted to males and females, mostly attracted to males, only attracted to males | |||||||||||||
National Health and Nutrition Examination Study39 cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes.htm |
Population: civilian, noninstitutionalized U.S. residents; Age: all ages Size: 5000 |
Annually 1999–present | Do you think of yourself as heterosexual or straight (i.e., sexually attracted only to [men/women]); homosexual or gay (i.e., sexually attracted to only [women/men]); bisexual (i.e., sexually attracted to men and women); something else? | PI: CDC Phone: 800-232-4636 Data access: series available for download at cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/nhanes_questionnaires.htm More information about data access: can be pooled across survey years to create large sample sizes; CDC provides guidance at cdc.gov/nchs/tutorials/Nhanes/index_continuous.htm |
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In the past 12 months, with how many [men/women] have you had sex? | |||||||||||||
In your lifetime, with how many [men/women] have you had sex? | |||||||||||||
National Health and Social Life Survey40 popcenter.uchicago.edu/data/nhsls.shtml |
Population: U.S. residents of two metropolitan areas Age: 18–59 years old |
1992 | Do you think of yourself as… Heterosexual, Homosexual, Bisexual, Something else, Normal/Straight, Don't know | PI: Edward Laumann, PhD E-mail: sscs-data-archive@listhost.uchicago.edu Data access: available for download at study website or dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR06647 |
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Size: 3400 | Have your sex partners in the last 12 months been exclusively male; both male and female; or female? | ||||||||||||
Have your sex partners in the last 5 years been exclusively male; both male and female; or female? | |||||||||||||
Now thinking about the time since your 18th birthday (including the recent past you've already told us about) how many {female/male} partners have you had sex with? | |||||||||||||
Now thinking about the time since your 18th birthday and during the time before you started living with [(S)pouse/(C)ohabitant], how many people, including men and women, did you begin having sex with, even if only one time? | |||||||||||||
If one, was this partner a male or female? If two or more, how many of these partners were (a) male or (b) female? |
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Now, I am going to ask you some questions about any other sexual partners you may have had during the time you were living with (1st S/C)… | |||||||||||||
On a scale of 1 to 4, where 1 is very appealing and 4 is not at all appealing, how would you rate each of these activities: b) having sex with someone of the same sex. | |||||||||||||
In general, you are sexually attracted to (1) only men, (2) mostly men, (3) both men and women, (4) mostly women, (5) only women | |||||||||||||
Relationship roster includes relationship to respondent and sex | |||||||||||||
National Health Interview Survey41 cdc.gov/nchs/nhis.htm |
Population: civilian, noninstitutionalized U.S. residents; | 1972–1993 Annually 1994–2014 Even-numbered years |
Which of the following best represents how you think of yourself? Gay; Straight, that is, not gay; Bisexual; Something else; I don't know the answer [Are you/Is ALIAS] male or female? | PI: CDC Phone: 800-432-4636 Data access: series available for download at cdc.gov/nchs/nhis/nhis_questionnaires.htm |
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Age: all ages Size: 87,500 |
What is [ALIAS's] relationship to [you]? Spouse (husband/wife], Unmarried partner | ||||||||||||
National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey42 www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/NACJD/studies/34305 |
Population: U.S. men and women Age: ≥18 years Size: 18,000 |
2010 | Do you consider yourself to be…? Heterosexual or straight, Gay or lesbian, Bisexual, Transgendered | Phone: 800-999-0960 E-mail: nacjd@icpsr.umich.edu Data access: www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/NACJD/studies/34305 |
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During your lifetime, have you had sex with only men, only women, or both men and women? Only men, Only women, Both men and women, Other (specify), Neither | |||||||||||||
National Latino and Asian American Study43 www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/00191#bibcite |
Population: national U.S. community and household sample of adults Age: ≥18 years Size: 4600 |
2002–2003 | We would like to ask you some questions about your sexual preference. We would like to know how you best describe yourself. Please read the question and tell me the letter corresponding to your answer: heterosexual; homosexual, lesbian, gay; bisexual; something else; not sure | PI: Margarita Alegria Data access: www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/20240 |
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Thinking back on the past 12 months, have your sexual experiences been with… females only, mostly females, about equal numbers of males and females, mostly males, all males | |||||||||||||
National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health)44 cpc.unc.edu/projects/addhealth |
Population: U.S. in-school adolescents Age: grades 7–12 Size: 14,400 |
1994–2008 Longitudinal |
Choose the description that best fits how you think about yourself: 100% heterosexual (straight); Mostly heterosexual (straight), but somewhat attracted to people of your own sex; Bisexual that is, attracted to men and women equally; mostly homosexual (gay), but somewhat attracted to people of the opposite sex; 100% homosexual (gay); Not sexually attracted to males or females; Not sure. | PI: Add Health Study Team E-mail: addhealth@unc.edu Data access: Sexual minority data require restricted use application, IRB approval, data security plan, $850 fee. More information on data access: www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/DSDR/studies/21600 |
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Considering all types of sexual activity, with how many [females/males] have you had sex over the past 12 months, even if only one time? | |||||||||||||
Considering all types of sexual activity, with how many [female/male] partners have you ever had sex? | |||||||||||||
Are you romantically attracted to [females/males]? | |||||||||||||
Identify romantic and sexual partners, including their gender, in a partnership roster | |||||||||||||
National Research Consortium of Counseling Centers in Higher Education45 www.cmhc.utexas.edu/rc_datasets.html |
Population: stratified random sample of students from 70 U.S. institutions of higher education Age: ≥18 years Size: 108,500 |
How would you describe your sexual orientation? Bisexual; Gay or lesbian; Heterosexual; Questioning; Other, please specify | Contact: University of Texas Counseling and Mental Health Center Data access: www.cmhc.utexas.edu/rc_datasets.html |
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National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project46 norc.org/nshap |
Population: community-residing U.S adults Age: 57–85 years Size: Wave 1: 3000 Wave 2: 3400 |
Wave 1: 2005–2006 Wave 2: 2010–2011 |
First, in what month and year did you first have sexual activity with (CURRENT OR MOST RECENT SPOUSE/COHAB THAT BEGAN W/IN LAST 5 YEARS, OR CURRENT ROMANTIC PARTNER'S NAME)? Is this person male or female? | PI: Linda Waite, PhD Phone: 773-256-6333 E-mail: l-waite@uchicago.edu Data access: requires restricted use application and IRB approval More information on data access: dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR20541 |
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Thinking about the most recent person you had sexual activity within the last 5 years, in what month and year did you first have sexual activity with that person, even if it was more than 5 years ago? Is this person male or female? | |||||||||||||
Thinking about the (most recent/second most recent/third most recent) person you had sexual activity within the last 5 years). In what month and year did you first have sexual activity with that person, even if that first time was more than 5 years ago? Is this person male or female? | |||||||||||||
Which of the following best describes (name's) relationship to you? Spouse, Romantic/Sexual Partner | |||||||||||||
National Survey of Family Growth47 cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg.htm |
Population: noninstitutionalized U.S. residents; Age: 15–44 years |
2002, Wave 6 2006–2010 |
Do you think of yourself as…Heterosexual or straight; Homosexual, gay, or lesbian; or Bisexual | PI: National Center for Health Statistics Data access: Sexual minority data restricted and require a data request and user agreement More information: cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/nsfg_questionnaires.htm |
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Size: 12,600 | 2011–2013 | Thinking about the last 12 months, how many [male/female] sex partners have you had in the 12 months since (INTERVIEW MONTH)? Please count every partner, even those you had sex with only once in those 12 months. | |||||||||||
Have you ever had any sexual experience of any kind with another [male/female]? | |||||||||||||
People are different in their sexual attraction to other people. Which best describes your feelings? Are you…only attracted to females, mostly attracted to females, equally attracted to males and females, mostly attracted to males, only attracted to males | |||||||||||||
What is X's relationship to you? Husband, Male partner, Wife, Female partner | |||||||||||||
National Survey on Drug Use and Health4 samhsa.gov/data/population-data-nsduh/reports |
Population: noninstitutionalized U.S. residents; Age: ≥12 years |
1971–present | Which of the following do you consider yourself to be? Heterosexual, that is, Straight; Lesbian, or Gay; Bisexual | PI: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Data access: 1996 data and documentation available for download: dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR02391 For more information about NSDUH data, see www.samhsa.gov/data/population-data-nsduh/reports?tab=38 or contact samhda-support@samhsa.hhs.gov |
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Size: 70,000 | During the past 12 months, have you had sex with only males, only females, or with both males and females? Remember: by sex we mean only vaginal, oral, or anal. Please only mark one box for the best answer. | ||||||||||||
People are different in their sexual attraction to other people. Which statement best describes your feelings? I am only attracted to females, I am mostly attracted to females, I am equally attracted to females and males, I am mostly attracted to males, I am only attracted to males, I am not sure. | |||||||||||||
National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles48–50 www.natsal.ac.uk/home.aspx |
General population survey in the United Kingdom Natsal-1: Age: 16–59 years Size: 18,900 Natsal-2: Age: 16–44 years Size: 12,110 |
Natsal-1: 1990–1991 Natsal-2: 1999–2000 Natsal-3: 2010–2012 |
Which of the options on this card best describes how you think of yourself? Response options: Just tell me the letter next to the description on this card: Heterosexual/straight, gay/lesbian, bisexual, other. | PI: Bob Erens E-mail: c.mercer@ucl.ac.uk Phone: 0800-783-5890 |
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Natsal-3: Age: 16–74 years Size: 15,000 |
Altogether, in your life so far, how many (men/women—same sex) have you had sex with (that is, oral or anal, or other forms of genital contact)? | ||||||||||||
National Violence Against Women Survey51 www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/NACJD/studies/2566 |
U.S. sample of adults Age: ≥18 years |
1994–1996 | Are you currently living as a couple with a woman/man? | PI: Patricia Tjaden Data access: www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/NACJD/studies/2566 |
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Size: 8000 men and 8000 women | Have you ever lived as a couple with a woman/man? | ||||||||||||
How many women/men have you lived with as a couple? | |||||||||||||
New York City Community Health Survey52 www1.nyc.gov/site/doh/data/data-sets/community-health-survey.page |
Cross-sectional NYC residents from the five boroughs; adults Age: ≥18 years Size: 8500 |
Annually 2002–2014 |
Now I'll read a list of terms people sometimes use to describe themselves…heterosexual or straight, homosexual, gay or lesbian, and bisexual. As I read the list again, please stop me when I get to the term that best describes how you think of yourself. Heterosexual or straight; Homosexual, gay or lesbian; Bisexual, Don't know/not sure | Contact: CHS coordinator, NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene E-mail: survey@health.nyc.gov Data access: www1.nyc.gov/site/doh/data/data-sets/community-health-survey-public-use-data.page |
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For women: During the past 12 months, with how many women have you had sex? READ IF NEEDED: By sex, we mean oral, vaginal, or anal sex, but not masturbation. | |||||||||||||
For men: During the past 12 months, with how many men have you had sex? READ IF NEEDED: By sex, we mean oral or anal sex, but not masturbation. | |||||||||||||
New York City Health and Nutrition Examination Survey53 http://nychanes.org/data |
Cross-sectional noninstitutionalized sample of NYC residents; | 2013–2014 | Do you think of yourself as… Response options: Heterosexual/straight, homosexual, gay/lesbian, bisexual, don't know, not sure. |
E-mail: info@nychanes.org Phone: 347-396-4171 |
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Age: ≥20 years Size: 1500 |
In your lifetime have you had any type of sex with man/woman (same sex)? | Data access: http://nychanes.org/data | |||||||||||
Nurses' Health Study II54 channing.harvard.edu/nhs |
Population: nurses from CA, CT, IN, IA, KY, MA, MI, MO, NY, NC, OH, PA, SC, and TX in 1989 Age: 25–42 years Size: 116,700 |
Biennially 1989–present Longitudinal |
Whether or not you are currently sexually active, what is your sexual orientation or identity (please choose one answer): heterosexual; lesbian, gay or homosexual; bisexual; none of these; prefer not to answer. | PI: Nurses' Health Study Phone: 617-525-2279 E-mail: nhs2@channing.harvard.edu Data access: requires proposal, identification of a study team collaborator, and approval of advisory committee; data requesters responsible for paying the data production and statistical analysis costs. |
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Personality & Total Health Through Life55 crahw.anu.edu.au/research/projects/personality-total-health-path-through-life |
Population: Canberra and Queanbeyan, Australia residents Age: 20–24, 40–44, and 60–64 at baseline Size: 20+ cohort: 2400 40+ cohort: 2500 60+ cohort: 2500 |
1999–present Longitudinal |
Would you currently consider yourself to be predominantly Heterosexual, Homosexual, Bisexual, Don't know | PI: Kaarin Anstey, PhD Phone: +61-2-6125 8410 E-mail: Kaarin.Anstey@anu.edu.au Information on data access: http://crahw.anu.edu.au/research/projects/personality-total-health-path-through-life/data |
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Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods56 www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/PHDCN/about.jsp |
Population: adolescents, children, and their caregivers from randomly sampled neighborhoods in Chicago, Illinois; longitudinal Size: 6200 |
1994–1997, 1997–1999, 2000–2001 | Which of the following best describes your feelings? 100% heterosexual (only attracted to person of the opposite sex); mostly heterosexual (attracted to both, but mostly persons of the opposite sex); bisexual (pretty much equally attracted to both men and women); mostly homosexual (attracted to both, but mostly persons of the same sex); 100% homosexual (gay/lesbian; only attracted to persons of the same sex); not sure | PI: Felton Earls E-mail: phdcn@icpsr.umich.edu Data access: www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/PHDCN/daa.jsp |
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U.S. Census57 census.gov |
Population: noninstitutionalized U.S. residents; Age: all ages |
1990, 2000, 2010 | How is this person [Person 2] related to Person 1? Husband or wife, Unmarried partner | PI: U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau |
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Size: varies | What is Person 2′s sex? Male Female | Phone: 1-800-923-8282 Data access: factfinder.census.gov |
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Women's Health Initiative58 nhlbi.nih.gov/whi |
Population: women from 40 U.S. clinical centers; Age: 50–79 years Observational: 161,800 |
1993–2015 Longitudinal |
Which response best describes who you have had sex with after 45 years of age? Never had sex, Sex with a woman or with women, Sex with a man or with men, Sex with both men and women | PI: WHI Phone: 301-402-2900 E-mail: helpdesk@whi.org Data access: requires request and IRB approval. More information: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/gap/cgi-bin/study.cgi?study_id=phs000200.v10.p3 |
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Regardless of whether you are currently sexually active, which response best describes who you have had sex with over your adult lifetime? Have never had sex, Sex with a woman or with women, Sex with a man or with men, Sex with both men and women, Prefer not to answer. | |||||||||||||
Youth200059 www.fmhs.auckland.ac.nz/en/faculty/adolescent-health-research-group/youth2000-national-youth-health-survey-series.html |
Population: secondary school students from New Zealand; schools randomly selected throughout the country; cross-sectional Age: 9–13 years Size: 28,000 |
2001, 2007, 2012 | Who are you sexually attracted to…? The opposite sex (e.g., I am a male attracted to females or I am a female attracted to males); The same sex (e.g., I am a male attracted to males or I am a female attracted to females); Both sexes (e.g., I am attracted to males and females); I'm not sure; Neither; I don't understand this question | PI: Terryann Clark E-mail: t.clark@auckland.ac.nz Phone: +64-9-923-7620 or +64-21-294-8354 Data access: www.fmhs.auckland.ac.nz/en/faculty/adolescent-health-research-group/collaborations-and-access-to-datasets.html#2e2c836f0e6f923183bc0e0884a0a954 |
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Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System60 cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/yrbs |
For national YRBS Population: U.S. public and private school students |
Biennially | Which of the following best describes you? Heterosexual (straight), Gay or lesbian, Bisexual, Not sure | E-mail: cdcinfo@cdc.gov Data access: combined dataset 1991–2013 available at www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/data/yrbs/data.htm CDC will provide information on how to request data from jurisdictions where survey was conducted and in some cases can provide the data. |
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Age: grades 9–12 Size: varies |
During your life, with whom have you had sexual contact? I have never had sexual contact, Females, Males, Females and Males | More information on data access: cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/yrbs/contactyrbs.htm |
Column shading is used to indicate the following for each data source: 1) type of sampling design, and 2) specific types of sexual orientation and transgender-inclusive gender identity questions.
BRFSS, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; CA, California; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; CT, Connecticut; GUTS, Growing Up Today Study; IA, Iowa; IN, Indiana; IRB, Institutional Review Board; KY, Kentucky; MA, Massachusetts; MI, Michigan; MIDUS, Midlife Development in the United States; MO, Missouri; N/A, not applicable; Natsal, National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles; NC, North Carolina; NCHA, National College Health Assessment; NCS, National Comorbidity Survey; NESARC, National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions; NSDUH, National Survey on Drug Use and Health; NYC, New York City; NYC CHS, New York City Community Health Survey; OH, Ohio; PA, Pennsylvania; SC, South Carolina; TX, Texas; WHI, Women's Health Initiative; YRBSS, Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System.