Table 1.

Primer sequences used for quantitative real-time PCR analysis of gene expression

Gene	Forward primer sequence (5′–3′)	Reverse primer sequence (5′–3′)
Shh	TGAAAGCAGGCAAGGAAAGGA	ACAAACTCTTGGCTCCGTCAA
Smo	ACCTATGCCTGGCACACTTC	TTGCCACAGTGAGGACAAAG
Gli1	GGCTGCACCAAACGCTATAC	TTTGGTCACATGGGCGTCAG
BMP-2	GGACGCTCTTTCAATGGACG	GCAGCAACGCTAGAAGACAG
ALP	CCTTGTAGCCAGGCCCATTG	GGACCATTCCCACGTCTTCAC
OCN	TCCTTTGGGGTTTGGCCTAC	CCAGCCTCCAGCACTGTTTA
Runx2	CACTGGCGCTGCAACAAGA	CATTCCGGAGCTCAGCAGAATAA

Abbreviations: ALP, alkaline phosphatase; BMP-2, bone morphogenetic protein-2; OCN, osteocalcin; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; Runx2, runt-related transcription factor 2; Shh, Sonic hedgehog; Smo, Smoothened.