TABLE 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of children with and without subsequent infectionsa
| Characteristic | No. (%) unless otherwise noted |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subsequent infection? | |||
| Yes (n = 45) | No (n = 278) | ||
| Median age (years) | 5.1 | 4.9 | 0.98 |
| IQRb | 1.7–10.2 | 1.1–11.7 | |
| Female sex | 32 (71) | 202 (73) | 0.83 |
| Hispanic ethnicity | 7 (16) | 39 (15) | 0.90 |
| Race | 0.50 | ||
| Caucasian | 29 (64) | 154 (59) | |
| African American | 4 (9) | 46 (18) | |
| Asian | 10 (22) | 49 (19) | |
| Native American | 0 (0) | 6 (2) | |
| Pacific Islander | 2 (4) | 6 (2) | |
| More than one race | 0 (0) | 1 (0) | |
| Site of index infection | 0.37 | ||
| Urine | 38 (85) | 246 (89) | |
| Blood | 6 (13) | 20 (7) | |
| Other | 1c (2) | 12d (4) | |
| Onsete | <0.01 | ||
| Community associated | 1 (2) | 91 (33) | |
| Healthcare associated | 39 (87) | 136 (49) | |
| Hospital associated | 5 (11) | 51 (18) | |
| Previously hospitalized in last year | 28 (62) | 123 (44) | 0.03 |
| Median hospitalizations in last year | 1 | 2 | 0.56 |
| IQR | 1–5 | 1–4 | |
| Medical condition category | <0.01 | ||
| Urological | 32 (71) | 87 (31) | |
| Otherf | 10 (22) | 84 (30) | |
| Immunocompromisedg | 9 (20) | 54 (20) | 0.53 |
| In-dwelling devicesh | 23 (51) | 103 (37) | 0.10 |
| Central venous catheter | 10 (22) | 49 (18) | |
| Foley catheter | 4 (9) | 15 (5) | |
| Nasogastric tube | 9 (20) | 49 (18) | |
| Other | 11 (24) | 42 (41) | |
Table does not account for missing data.
IQR, interquartile range.
Peritoneal fluid (n = 1).
Peritoneal fluid (n = 5), bone (n = 3), surgical wound (n = 3), and cerebrospinal fluid (n = 1).
Hospital-associated onset defined as a culture obtained >48 h after hospitalization from a patient without signs or symptoms of infection on hospital admission or ≤48 h after hospital discharge from a patient without signs and symptoms of infection on admission. Community-associated onset defined as a culture obtained in an outpatient setting or ≤48 h after hospital admission from an otherwise healthy patient without hospitalization in the previous year. Health care-associated onset defined as a culture obtained in an outpatient setting or ≤48 h after hospitalization from a patient who had been hospitalized in the last year and/or had a chronic medical condition requiring frequent contact with health care facilities or prolonged/recurrent antibiotic courses.
Includes neuromuscular, cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, hematology/oncology, metabolic, and other congenital/chromosomal and rheumatologic conditions.
Includes malignancy, immunosuppression (chemotherapy, glucocorticoids ≥2 mg/kg for ≥2 weeks, tumor necrosis factor [TNF] inhibitors, calcineurin inhibitors, mycophenolate mofetil [MMF], antineoplastic agents), and any transplant.
Total is >100% as patients could have more than one device.