TABLE 2.

Clinical phases of schistosomiasis and its associated symptoms^a

Clinical phase	Symptoms
Immediate	Acute, pruritic, maculopapular eruption at site of cercarial skin penetration within 1 day following exposure
Acute	Systematic hypersensitivity reaction against migrating schistosomula, fever, fatigue, myalgia, malaise, nonproductive cough, eosinophilia, patchy infiltrates, weight loss, dyspnea, diarrhea, diffuse abdominal pain, toxemia, hepatosplenomegaly, widespread rash
Chronic	Affects gastrointestinal and urogenital tracts, leading to hepatosplenic and pelvic organ diseases, portal and pulmonary hypertension, abdominal ascites, upper gastrointestinal varices and hemorrhage, female genital schistosomiasis, infertility, increased risk of HIV-1 transmission, and squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder

^aSee references 7 and 9 to 13.