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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Child Youth Serv Rev. 2017 Feb 6;74:108–116. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2017.02.004

Table 2.

Percentages of Adverse Childhood Experiences Variables by Class

Complex (29.32%) Environmental (12.19%) Low (58.49%) X2 Between Classes
Caregiver/context factors
 Caregiver Sub Abuse 86.14 42.68 43.37 107.01*** a, b
 Caregiver Mental Illness 41.67 8.43 12.84 74.94*** a, b
 Caregiver Domestic Violence 62.00 10.71 9.22 212.25*** a, b
 Caregiver Criminal Record 57.38 25.00 13.11 123.89*** a, b, c
 5+ Foster Homes 48.13 22.47 20.00 57.04*** a, b
 Adoption Plan Failure 40.29 25.88 21.51 24.72*** a, b
Environmental based harms
 Serious Injury 27.1 55.06 13.11 78.68*** a, b, c
 Witness Other Hurt/Killed 54.93 79.55 25.53 113.66*** a, b, c
 Life Threating Accident 30.84 84.27 7.96 243.13*** a, b, c
 Physical Fighting 63.98 85.39 26.42 148.76*** a, b, c
 Natural Disaster/Fire 30.84 57.3 8.67 121.94*** a, b, c
Maltreatment
 Sexual Abuse 59.15 13.64 18.91 121.94*** a, b
 Neglect by Caregiver 95.98 42.53 45.01 155.78*** a, b
 Abandonment 51.53 6.98 7.99 167.22*** a, b
 Physical Abuse by Caregiver 83.76 23.53 18.00 253.91*** a, b
Mean Number of ACEs 7.92 5.71 2.85 a, b, c
*

p < .05.

**

p < .01.

***

p < .001

a = statistically significant difference between Complex & Environmental classes

b = statistically significant difference between Complex & Lower classes

c = statistically significant difference between Environmental & Lower classes