Table 2. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for quality assessment of studies included in the meta-analysis.
Study | Selection | Comparability | Outcome | Overall | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Representativeness of the exposed cohort | Selection of the nonexposed cohort | Assessment of exposure | Outcome not present at start | Assessment of outcome | Follow-up long enough for outcomes | Adequacy of follow-up | |||
Porrata (2010) | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ☆☆ | ☆ | ☆ | 8 | |
Ho (2015) | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ☆☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | 9 |
Keam (2015) | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ☆☆ | ☆ | ☆ | 8 | |
Melchardt (2015) | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ☆☆ | ☆ | ☆ | 8 | |
Ming (2015) | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ☆☆ | ☆ | 7 | ||
Hong (2016) | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ☆☆ | ☆ | ☆ | 8 | |
Ni (2016) | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ☆☆ | ☆ | 7 | ||
Wang (2016) | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ☆☆ | ☆ | ☆ | 8 | |
Wang (2017) | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ☆☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | 9 |