Table 2.
Mean (SD) peak kinematic values and joint RoM in degree
| Vacuum Level | 0 in Hg | 5 in Hg | 10 in Hg | 15 in Hg | 20 in Hg | Control | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intact | Residual | Intact | Residual | Intact | Residual | Intact | Residual | Intact | Residual | |||
| Hip stance | extension | 12.3 (4.9) |
8.1 (6.5) | 12.3 (6.5) |
9.6 (8.1) | 12.3 (6.4) |
8.9 (7.2) | 11.8 (7.1) |
9.0 (7.1) | 12.2 (6.8) |
9.0 (7.2) | 10.3 (4.0) |
| Hip swing | abduction | 9.1 (4.9) |
11.8 (6.3) |
8.7 (4.9) |
12.0 (6.3) |
10.5 (5.8) |
11.7 (6.2) |
9.0 (5.1) |
11.8 (6.0) |
8.6 (5.4) |
11.6 (5.9) |
11.4 (2.8) |
| Hip rotation swing †† | external | −3.3 (4.7) |
8.5 (12.9)† |
−3.1 (4.6) |
5.9 (11.3)† |
−3.6 (4.7) |
5.6 (11.5)† |
−2.9 (4.8) |
4.3 (11.1)† |
−2.9 (3.8) |
7.2 (13.6)† |
−0.6 (6.9) |
| Hip (sagittal) | RoM | 52.4 (4.2)‡ |
53.6 (5.9)† |
54.1 (3.9)‡ |
53.6 (7.2)† |
53.3 (3.1)‡ |
53.2 (5.7)† |
52.0 (3.8)‡ |
53.3 (5.5)† |
52.8 (3.9)‡ |
53.3 (5.6)† |
47.2 (4.2) |
| Hip (frontal) | RoM | 14.9 (7.8) |
15.3 (5.3) |
16.7 (5.9) |
17.3 (7.0) |
19.1 (7.3) |
15.8 (5.4) |
17.1 (5.5) |
15.3 (5.1) |
16.7 (5.0) |
14.8 (5.2) |
17.0 (3.2) |
| Hip (horizontal) | RoM | 17.2 (3.2)‡ |
27.0 (20.0)† |
18.4 (5.0)‡ |
22.4 (18.9)† |
17.1 (3.9)‡ |
22.5 (18.6)† |
17.1 (3.2)‡ |
21.4 (19.4)† |
17.3 (3.2)‡ |
24.1 (20.5)† |
13.4 (3.1) |
| Knee swing | flexion | 64.0 (3.8) |
68.0 (5.0) |
63.8 (3.1) |
67.2 (4.0) |
63.3 (3.3) |
66.5 (4.4) |
64.2 (3.6) |
66.5 (4.5) |
63.4 (3.6) |
66.3 (5.0) |
62.2 (5.8) |
| Knee (sagittal) | RoM | 65.9 (5.7) |
73.5 (7.6)† |
65.8 (4.4) |
73.6 (7.8)† |
66.1 (4.5) |
72.1 (8.0)† |
66.4 (5.8) |
72.2 (9.0)† |
65.9 (4.4) |
72.2 (9.3)† |
64.0 (3.8) |
| Knee (frontal) | RoM | 10.3 (3.8) |
18.0 (13.0)† |
10.7 (4.3) |
15.2 (10.2)† |
10.8 (5.2) |
15.7 (9.9)† |
10.0 (6.4) |
15.3 (9.1)† |
10.4 (4.4) |
15.4 (9.6)† |
8.9 (3.9) |
| Knee (horizontal) | RoM | 18.6 (3.4) |
10.9 (4.7)† |
17.4 (2.3) |
11.4 (3.7)† |
17.7 (2.4) |
10.3 (4.6)† |
18.1 (3.0) |
10.9 (5.8)† |
18.3 (2.6) |
9.2 (3.1)† |
16.7 (3.4) |
| Ankle dorsiflexion stance | 16.1 (19) |
17.7 (3.3)† |
15.2 (2.5) |
17.4 (3.3)† |
15.3 (2.0) |
17.6 (3.5)† |
16.1 (2.0) |
17.5 (3.7)† |
15.1 (3.0) |
17.5 (3.7)† |
15.5 (18) |
|
| Ankle plantarflexion swing* | 15.9 (6.2) |
−4.2 (4.6)† |
16.5 (6.9) |
−4.8 (5.1)† |
16.3 (6.6) |
−4.5 (5.0)† |
16.0 (5.2) |
−4.5 (5.1)† |
16.9 (6.9) |
−5.3 (4.5)† |
13.8 (8.2) |
|
| Ankle (sagittal)* | RoM | 32.0 (6.3) |
21.9 (4.5)† |
31.8 (6.2) |
22.2 (5.0)† |
31.6 (6.0) |
22.1 (4.6)† |
32.0 (4.5) |
21.9 (5.3)† |
32.0 (6.3) |
22.8 (5.1)† |
29.3 (3.9) |
*
Significant limb effect in amputee group (P < 0.05)
††
Significant vacuum level effect in amputee group (P < 0.05)
†
Significant difference between the residual limb and controls (P < 0.05)
‡
Significant difference between the intact limb and controls (P < 0.05)