Table 3.
FOODS CONSUMED AT DINNER BY AFRICAN AMERICANS IN THE RURAL SOUTH OVER A THREE-DAY PERIOD (N=114)
| Food consumed | Females (n=75) | Males (n=39) | Method of Preparation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Protein | Pork: roast, ribs, chops | 19 | 2 | Oven baked, in sandwich, |
| Chicken: liver, broth, salad | 58 | 31 | Fried, baked, barbequed, boiled; baked w/onion and seasoned salt, grilled, grilled w/lemon pepper | |
| Beef: steak, patties, liver Salisbury steak, ravioli, meatballs, ground, corn, oxtail, neck-bones | 20 | 12 | Braised, cooked w/mushrooms, stew, oven-baked, fried and smothered, pan-fried | |
| Sausage, Bologna | 2 | 1 | Fried | |
| Hot dog w/ketchup | 4 | 3 | Boiled | |
| Chili cheese dog | 1 | 2 | Broiled | |
| Eggs | 2 | 1 | Boiled, in sweet potato pie | |
| Fish: salmon, tilapia, cat, shrimp, crab legs, tuna | 23 | 15 | Fried, fried with Crisco, grilled, broiled with lemon pepper, steamed, Jamaican style, tuna casserole | |
| Turkey: neck bones, wings, ground | 10 | 4 | Boiled w/turnip greens, collard greens, boiled with onions, salt, in taco | |
| Ham hocks: ham | 4 | 1 | Cooked w/lima beans and salt | |
| Peas and beans: black-eye, field, snap, lima, baked, pinto, black, sweet, green, early, red English, string | 54 | 21 | Boiled, in smoked neck bones, boiled w/salt and ham hocks, canned, boiled w/water, salt and bacon, cooked in rice | |
| Nuts: Walnuts | 1 | 0 | In salad | |
| Peanut butter | 1 | 0 | In sandwich | |
| Fast food: Big Mac Double Cheeseburger, Hamburger, McDonald chicken nugget, Mac and Cheese, French fries, burrito | 44 | 15 | ||
| White bean chicken Chili soup, Chili | 7 | 0 | Canned, stovetop | |
| Carbohydrates | Potato, pasta, sweet potato | 31 | 17 | Mashed, wedged, boiled, baked, microwave, salad |
| Corn | 14 | 4 | Fried, in soup, stewed with okra, creamed | |
| Grits | 2 | 0 | Boiled | |
| Rice: white, brown, yellow, dirty | 46 | 22 | Fried, mixed with red bean, steamed, boiled, steamed w/butter, Spanish | |
| Breads: Dinner rolls, rye, honey wheat, wheat, white, biscuits, corn bread (27), pancake, hush puppies, tortillas, crackers | 43 | 32 | Store, cornbread cooked in vegetable or canola oil, fried | |
| Sweets: pound cake, banana pudding, birthday cake, white chocolate cake, sweet potato pie, brown sugar, oatmeal cookies | 7 | 4 | Store, brown sugar used in cooking mustard and turnip greens | |
| Pizza | 4 | 4 | ||
| High sodium: chips, Ramen noodles, Jambalaya mix | 16 | 6 | ||
| Fruits and Vegetables | Greens: cabbage, mustard, collard | 24 | 8 | Boiled w/ham hocks/smoked neck-bone; cooked in distilled white vinegar; cooked w smoked turkey necks and salt; boiled w/turkey neck; boiled w/small ham |
| Broccoli, cauliflower, pepper, spinach, mixed mushroom, carrots | 26 | 12 | Steam, boil, simmer with gravy | |
| Onions | 16 | 2 | Simmered, used for cooking turnip and mustard greens, fish-tilapia and chicken | |
| Squash, okra | 5 | 3 | Baked, steam, boil, in soup, in stew, cream | |
| Tomatoes | 9 | 3 | In soup, stewed with okra and corn | |
| Lettuce, cucumber, garden salad, coleslaw | 8 | 12 | Shredded, sliced | |
| Pineapple, strawberries, grapes, pear, peach, cherry, apple, melons, banana, apple | 25 | 6 | Canned, fresh | |
| Non-caffeinated Beverages | Water, mineral water, a variety of caffeine sodas, high sugar fruit-flavored drinks, fruit juice | 75 | 35 | Store |
| Caffeinated Beverages | Iced tea (sweet), sodas, beer, gin, martini, daiquiri | 37 | 21 | Store |
| Dairy | Ice cream, cheese, milk, buttermilk, yogurt, sherbet | 24 | 15 | |
| High fat | Bacon, butter, oils, margarine | 38 | 11 |