Table 1.
Selected genes and pathways that have been associated with central nervous system (CNS) leukemia.
| Gene/pathway/molecule | Putative role | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| lnterleukin-15 | CNS trafficking | Cario et al. (57) |
| Leukemia proliferation | Williams et al. (60) | |
| NK cell activation | Frishman-Levy et al. (72) | |
| CCR7/CCL19 | CNS trafficking of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) | Buonamici et al. (44) |
| VE-cadherin and PECAM1 | Adhesion and CNS trafficking | Akers et al. (39) |
| Asparaginyl endopeptidase, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 | CNS trafficking | Holland et al. (56) |
| Mer tyrosine kinase | Chemoresistance and quiescence | Krause et al. (37) |
| PBX1 | Chemoresistance and self-renewal t(1;19) translocation and CNS relapse | Gaynes et al. (36) |
| Jeha et al. (68) | ||
| VEGFA | Leukemia survival in CNS | Kato et al. (73) |
| Oxidative phosphorylation | Downregulated in ALL cells in CNS | Kato et al. (73) |
| SCD, SPP1 | CNS trafficking and/or survival | Van der Velden et al. (76) |