Fig. 4.

Outlier proteins in urine proteome register physiological changes. (a) Outlier proteins and their changes up to a week from two transcontinental trips (3 months apart). The empirical 2.5th, Median (Med) and the 97.5th percentile values are shown as the “normal” range. (b) Consistent outlier proteins and their changes in three days from two people who caught flu. (c) Top 15 pathways enriched by Reactome analysis of the common outlier proteins in (b). (d) Persistent tissue-specific outlier proteins detected from an individual. Outlier proteins of three different samples from test subject U018 (the 2014.03.20 sample was measured three times). The expression levels (mRNA in 32 tissues from the Human Protein Atlas) are shown as the green-scale heat map, with darker green representing higher expression levels. (e) Abundance distributions of the 4 prostate-enriched outlier proteins from the U018 test subject (measured 5 times) and the other 171 donors in the combined BCM and BPRC dataset. Occasionally, these 4 proteins were also detected as outlier proteins in the other male subjects but they were not persistent, nor were they outliers with the 4 prostate enriched proteins at the same time for any other test subjects.