Figure 3.

Schematic diagram illustrating the prospects of using enriched hBM-MSCs from bone marrow for craniofacial tissue/organ regeneration. Craniofacial mesenchyme develops from migrating cranial NCCs. A certain portion of trunk NCCs migrates to limb bone marrow, where these cells reside as a part of adult BM-MSCs. Therefore, enriched hBM-MSCs, which are isolated from the BM-MSC population using a flow cytometer (LNGFR⁺, THY1⁺, and VCAM-1⁺ cells: LTV hBM-MSCs), show an NCC phenotype, and they are expected to be a useful cell source for craniofacial regenerative medicine.