Table 3.
Correlates of falls among community-dwelling elderly
| Variables | Percentage | Crude odds ratio (COR) | 95% CI | aAdjusted odds ratio (AOR) | 95% CI | *p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower | Upper | Lower | Upper | |||||
| Gender | ||||||||
| Male | 45.5 | 1.00 | – | – | 1.00 | – | – | 0.253 |
| Female | 54.5 | 0.97 | 0.48 | 1.96 | 0.60 | 0.25 | 1.44 | |
| Age category (years) | ||||||||
| 60–64 | 24.2 | 1.00 | – | – | 1.00 | – | – | 0.232 |
| 65–69 | 30.3 | 2.24 | 0.87 | 5.80 | 2.18 | 0.78 | 6.10 | 0.139 |
| 70–74 | 15.2 | 1.11 | 0.36 | 3.44 | 0.61 | 0.15 | 2.51 | 0.492 |
| ≥75 | 30.3 | 1.85 | 0.72 | 4.77 | 1.23 | 0.41 | 3.66 | 0.716 |
| Ethnicity | ||||||||
| Malay | 78.8 | 1.00 | – | – | 1.00 | – | – | 0.145 |
| Chinese | 12.1 | 0.68 | 0.24 | 1.99 | 0.61 | 0.20 | 1.86 | 0.386 |
| Indian | 3.0 | 0.86 | 0.11 | 6.59 | 0.77 | 0.10 | 6.16 | 0.808 |
| Indigenous | 6.1 | 4.65 | 0.97 | 22.33 | 6.06 | 1.10 | 33.55 | 0.039 |
| Total income (RM) | ||||||||
| ≤ 300 | 63.6 | 1.00 | – | – | 1.00 | – | – | 0.866 |
| 301–500 | 15.2 | 1.06 | 0.39 | 2.88 | 1.11 | 0.37 | 3.27 | 0.857 |
| 501–1000 | 12.1 | 0.62 | 0.21 | 1.84 | 0.68 | 0.21 | 2.21 | 0.525 |
| >1000 | 9.1 | 0.61 | 0.18 | 2.09 | 0.70 | 0.18 | 2.66 | 0.597 |
| Physical activity level | ||||||||
| High | 24.2 | 1.00 | – | – | 1.00 | – | – | 0.623 |
| Moderate | 33.3 | 1.51 | 0.60 | 3.82 | 1.62 | 0.55 | 4.76 | 0.377 |
| Low | 42.4 | 1.53 | 0.63 | 3.72 | 1.58 | 0.57 | 4.38 | 0.383 |
| Living alone | 27.3 | 2.15 | 0.95 | 4.86 | 2.60 | 1.04 | 6.50 | 0.042 |
| Number of co-morbidities | – | 1.06 | 0.82 | 1.37 | 0.84 | 0.48 | 1.47 | 0.531 |
| Number of medications used | – | 1.17 | 0.90 | 1.53 | 1.25 | 0.68 | 2.32 | 0.472 |
a
Final model from multiple logistic regression analysis including gender, age, ethnicity, total income, physical activity level, living alone, number of co-morbidities, number of medication used as shown in the table.
*
p-value for adjusted odds ratio