Table 1.
Cohort characteristics (N = 579). Comparison of patients with and without TLDs
| Cohort characteristics | TLD-group (N = 101) | No TLD-group (N = 478) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex and age | Male | 75 (74%) | 350 (73%) | 0.831 |
| Female | 26 (26%) | 128 (27%) | ||
| Mean age (range) | 60.8 (18–97) | 51.3 (18–95) | <0.001 | |
| Mechanism of injury | Transport | 23 (23%) | 122 (26%) | 0.562 |
| Fall | 65 (64%) | 274 (57%) | 0.192 | |
| Violence | 3 (3%) | 50 (10.5%) | 0.018 | |
| Self-inflicted | 8 (8%) | 8 (2%) | 0.001 | |
| Sport | 3 (3%) | 27 (6%) | 0.270 | |
| Other | 1 (1%) | 11 (2%) | 0.401 | |
| GCS* | GCS 3 -8 | 70 (69%) | 110 (23%) | <0.001 |
| GCS >8 | 31 (31%) | 368 (77%) | ||
| Injury severity | AIS* head max mean | 4.8 | 4.4 | <0.001 |
| ISS* median (range) | 30 (17–75) | 26 (16–75) | <0.001 | |
| NISS* median (range) | 57 (18–75) | 38 (16–75) | <0.001 | |
| Intensive care | ICU* admission | 86 (85%) | 409 (86%) | 0.914 |
| Ventilator days median (range) | 6.3 (1–51) | 11 (1–45) | <0.001 | |
| Neurosurgery | ICP* monitor | 31 (31%) | 159 (33%) | 0.617 |
| EVD* | 17 (17%) | 21 (4%) | <0.001 | |
| Craniotomy | 18 (18%) | 113 (25%) | 0.240 | |
| Hemicraniectomy | 9 (9%) | 17 (4%) | 0.018 | |
| Hospital LOS* | Median (range) | 3 (1–51) | 6 (1–56) | 0.04 |
| Discharge destination | Home | 0 (0%) | 128 (26.8%) | <0.001 |
| Rehabilitation | 2 (2%) | 88 (18.4%) | ||
| Ward other hospital | 7 (7%) | 148 (31%) | ||
| ICU other hospital | 12 (12%) | 90 (18.8%) | ||
| Nursing home | 6 (6%) | 19 (4%) | ||
| Died at OUH* | 74 (73%) | 5 (1%) | ||
*See abbreviations