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Major categories and themes.
| Categories | Themes |
|---|---|
| Sympathy | An unwanted pity-based response |
| A shallow and superficial emotion based on self-preservation | |
| An unhelpful and misguided reaction to suffering | |
| Empathy | Engaging suffering |
| Connecting to and understanding the person | |
| Emotional resonance: putting yourself in the patient’s shoes | |
| Compassion | Motivated by love |
| The altruistic role of the responder | |
| Action oriented | |
| Small supererogatory acts of kindness |
