Table 3.
Examples of dye-based polymer NPs and their characteristics. Typical examples of conjugated polymers and quantum dots are given for comparison.
| Dye | Polymer | Size (nm) |
Dye content (wt%) |
λabs
(nm) |
λem
(nm) |
QY (%) |
BT(a)
(M-1cm-1) |
BE(b) | B/V
(M-1m-1nm-3) |
Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Molecular organic dyes | ||||||||||
| Rh-101 | - | 1 | 100 | 565 | 588 | 90 | 9×104 | 166000 | [103] | |
| Quantum dots | ||||||||||
| QD-605 | - | 11 | (c) | 605 | 55 | 3.2×105 | - | 458 | ||
| QD-585 | - | 8 | (c) | 585 | 60 | 1.8x105 | - | 680 | ||
| Conjugated polymer NPs | ||||||||||
| PFBT | PFBT | 10 | 100 | 460 | 540 | 30 | 3×106 | 30x QD-565 | 5700 | [107] |
| MEH-PPV | MEH-PPV | 15 | 100 | 485 | 590 | 1 | 2.6x106 | 1500 | [17a] | |
| MEH-PPV | MEH-PPV | 74 | 90 | 485 | 593 | 1 | 1.4x108 | - | 665 | [108] |
| MEH-PPV | MEH-PPV, PEG | 3.33 | - | 496 | 593 | 1 | 1×104 | - | 511 | [109] |
| Polymer NPs loaded with | ||||||||||
| conventional dyes | ||||||||||
| Nile red | PS | 100 | 0.7 | 570 | 635 | 23 | 7x107 | - | 134 | [75] |
| DiD | PLGA | 66 | 0.5 | 650 | 667 | 21 | 1.3x107 | - | 84 | [57] |
| Fluorescein | PS-b-PEG | 24 | 0.5 | 495 | 519 | 22 | 5.1x105 | - | 120 | [62a] |
| dyes bearing bulky side groups | ||||||||||
| LR | PLGA | 38 | 5 | 575 | 605 | 50 | 7.5×106 | 18x QD-585 | 261 | [22c] |
| Mes-BODIPY | PS | 16 | 3.5 | 526 | 540 | 77 | 5.1x106 | - | 2300 | [22a] |
| aggregation induced emission dyes | ||||||||||
| AIE6 | DSPE-PEG | 32 | 33 | 423 | 539 | 58 | 3.5x107 | 10x QD-655 | 1200 | [59a] |
| AIE5 | PS-b-PMAA | 67 | 20 | 365 | 486 | 62 | 1.7x108 | - | 1000 | [62b] |
| dyes with bulky counterions | ||||||||||
| Rhodamine B/F5-TPB | PLGA | 40 | 5 | 560 | 580 | 20 | 1.8x107 | 6x QD-605 | 600 | [23] |
| Rhodamine B/F5-TPB | P(MMA-co-MAS) | 15 | 5 | 560 | 580 | 60 | 3.0×106 | 10x QD-585 | 1600 | [54b] |
| polymerizable dyes | ||||||||||
| PDI (50,000) | PMMA | 40 | 2.4 | 520 | 550 | 50 | 1.0×107 | 50-220x PDI | 310 | [22b] |
| BODIPY | PS-PEG | 60 | 1.3 | 529 | 544 | 35 | 1.4×108 | - | 470 | [96] |
(a) BT is the theoretical and experimental brightness
(b) BE the experimental brightness.
(c) Calculated for excitation at 532 nm. Rh-101: rhodamine 101.