Table 1.

Summary of main findings.

	Proactive	Reactive
Attention
Occipital alpha	↓
N1/P1	After target onset: ↑	−
Proactive motor control led to increased attention in the Maybe Stop condition where informative target stimuli were anticipated and presented.
Sensorimotor effects
Mu	Before target onset: -
	After target onset: ↑	(↑)
Beta	Before target onset: ↓ IL side
	After target onset: -	↑
Before target onset, only beta was modulated by proactive inhibition but not mu. After target signals, mu and not beta was increased for proactive inhibition. Both mu and beta increased for reactive inhibition.
Prefrontal effects
Prefrontal beta	Before target onset: -
	After target onset: ↑	↑
Proactive and reactive motor inhibition were modulated by increased prefrontal control. Prefrontal activity for proactive inhibition occurred only after target onset but not before. Prefrontal areas were thus activated transiently rather than in a sustained way.

IL = ipsilateral, ↓ = decrease, ↑ = increase, - = no effect.