Table 1. Baseline variables in Iranian case-control study of cataract.
| Characteristics | Cases (n=97) | Controls (n=198) | 2P |
| Age (a) | 57.9±9.4 | 57.4±9.2 | 0.69 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.0±4.6 | 26.3±4.8 | 0.003 |
| Energy intake (kcal) | 2850 (2354-3220) | 2728 (1256-4291) | 0.41 |
| Sex (%) | 0.86 | ||
| M | 34 | 33.8 | |
| F | 66 | 66.2 | |
| Education (%) | <0.001 | ||
| No formal education | 43.3 | 14.6 | |
| Primary school | 23.7 | 34.8 | |
| Secondary school | 17.5 | 19.7 | |
| Higher education | 15.5 | 30.8 | |
| Cataract family history (%) | 0.001 | ||
| Yes | 54.6 | 40.9 | |
| No | 45.4 | 59.1 | |
| Hypertension (%)3 | 0.001 | ||
| Yes | 54.6 | 40.9 | |
| No | 45.4 | 59.1 | |
| Physical activity (%)4 | 0.04 | ||
| Inactive | 85.5 | 70.7 | |
| Active | 14.4 | 29.3 | |
| Diabetes (%)5 | <0.0001 | ||
| Yes | 27.8 | 11.6 | |
| No | 72.3 | 88.4 | |
| Smoking status | 0.28 | ||
| Never | 81 (83.5) | 178 (80.9) | |
| Before | 2 (2.1) | 3 (0.5) | |
| Current | 14 (14.4) | 17 (8.6) |
1Data are presented as median (IQ: 25-75) or n (%); 2P of the comparison between groups, using Wilcoxon or McNemar tests; 3Hypertension defined as systolic to diastolic blood pressure over 160/100 mm Hg or the use of antihypertensive medication; 4Fasting blood glucose >126 mg/dL was considered diabetes; 5Physical activity more than 3 times/per week and each time >30min.
(n=295)1