Table 1.
Long-term efficacy of depot IM-decoquinate (DQ) formulation (nano- and microsuspension) dosed with single intramuscular injection at 80, 120, or 240 mg/kg before treatment given 2, 4, 6, or 8 weeks early and monitoring by using in vivo imaging system (IVIS) in C3H mice (n = 5).
| Test agents | Dose (mg/kg) | Regimen | Liver suppression rate (%) | Blood infection by FCM | Number of C3H mice | Effects | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24 h | 48 h | 72 h | Challenged | Protected completely | Causal prophylaxis | |||||
| IM nano-DQ (0.43 µm) |
120 | −8 weeks | 71.8 | 70.5 | 65.7 | 5/5 | 5 | 0 | 0/5 | Mild suppression |
| 120 | −6 weeks | 79.0 | 90.8 | 92.5 | 4/5 | 5 | 1 | 1/5 | Partial causal prophylaxis | |
| 120 | −4 weeks | 89.4 | 97.6 | 99.6 | 1/5 | 5 | 4 | 4/5 | Partial causal prophylaxis | |
| 120 | −2 weeks | 97.9 | 100 | 100 | 0/5 | 5 | 5 | 5/5 | Full causal prophylaxis | |
| 80 | −2 weeks | 100 | 91.7 | 100 | 1/5 | 5 | 4 | 4/5 | Partial causal prophylaxis | |
|
| ||||||||||
| IM nano-DQ(0.43 µm) | 240 | −8 weeks | 100 | 100 | 100 | 0/5 | 5 | 5 | 5/5 | Full causal prophylaxis |
| 240 | −6 weeks | 100 | 98.9 | 100 | 0/5 | 5 | 5 | 5/5 | Full causal prophylaxis | |
|
| ||||||||||
| IM micro-DQ (8.31 µm) |
120 | −8 weeks | 100 | 100 | 100 | 0/5 | 5 | 5 | 5/5 | Full causal prophylaxis |
| 120 | −6 weeks | 100 | 98.8 | 100 | 0/5 | 5 | 5 | 5/5 | Full causal prophylaxis | |
| 120 | −4 weeks | 100 | 99.3 | 100 | 0/5 | 5 | 5 | 5/5 | Full causal prophylaxis | |
| 120 | −2 weeks | 100 | 99.6 | 100 | 0/5 | 5 | 5 | 5/5 | Full causal prophylaxis | |
IVIS study: decoquinate (DQ) injected 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks early to the challenge with 10,000 sporozoites (SPZ) intravenously in C3H female mice, which will be monitored with IVIS on days 1, 2, and 3 after SPZ inoculation. The blood parasitemia will be measured by flow cytometry up to 30 days after inoculation.