Table 4.
Top downregulated genes in DipC and TN.
| Gene name | FDR | Fold Change | Gene Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Down-Regulated Genes in DipC | ||||
| Dihydroxyacetone kinase | 0.003 | 6.489 | Glycerone kinase activity | |
| Phosphoglucomutase, putative/glucose phosphomutase, putative | 0.007 | 6.471 | Involved in controlling photosynthetic carbon flow and plays essential role starch synthesis. Down regulation of photosynthesis-related gene will lead to significant reduction in plant growth. | [66] |
| Auxin-induced protein 22D AUXX-IAA | 0.003 | 4.627 | Involved in stress defense response. Many AUXX-IAA genes were found to be down-regulated in Sorghum bicolor under drought conditions. | [67] |
| CP12-1, putative | 0.014 | 4.390 | Involved in calvin cycle, therefore linked to photosynthesis. Most drastic down-regulated genes which were photosynthesis-related was observed in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) | [68] |
| PHS2 (ALPHA-GLUCAN PHOSPHORYLASE 2). | 0.014 | 4.375 | Encodes a cytosolic alpha-glucan phosphorylase. | |
| APRR5 (PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR 5), Pseudo ARR-B family | 0.001 | 4.145 | Linked to cytokinin-mediated regulation | |
| Thiamine biosynthesis family protein | 0.002 | 4.132 | Catalyses the activation of small proteins, such as ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like proteins. | |
| Zinc finger (C3HC4-type RING finger) | 0.007 | 3.611 | Mediate ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (UBC-2) dependent ubiquitation. | [69] |
| WRKY40 | 0.033 | 3.104 | Regulator of ABA signalling. It inhibits the expression of ABA-responsive genes ABF4, AB14, AB15, DREB1A, MYB2 and RAB18. | [70] |
| Down-Regulated Genes in TN | ||||
| AGL83 (AGAMOUS-LIKE 83) | 0.025 | 4.374 | DNA-binding transcription factor | |
| CRR23 (chlororespiratory reduction 23) | 0.025 | 3.625 | A subunit of the chloroplast NAD(P)H dehydrogenase complex, involved in PS-I cyclic electron transport. Located on the thylakoid membrane. Mutant has impaired NAD(P)H dehydrogenase activity. Part of dehydration repressing photosynthesis. | [71] |
| MYB30 (MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN 30) | 0.032 | 3.250 | Acts as a positive regulator of hypersensitive cell death and salicylic acid synthesis. Involved in the regulation of abscisic acid (ABA) signalling. | [72] |
| Photosystem II family protein, putative | 0.029 | 3.158 | Linked to photosynthesis. Down-regulation of photosynthesis-related genes during dehydration stress was observed in maize (Zea mays), which in turn leads to significant reduction in plant growth. | [73] |
| Phosphoesterase | 0.047 | 3.136 | Hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds. | |
| Zing-finger (C3HC4-type) | 0.045 | 2.947 | Mediate ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (UBC-2) dependent ubiquitation. | [69] |
| NHX2 (Sodium proton exchanger 2) | 0.040 | 2.742 | Involved in antiporter activity. Also involved in potassium ion homoeostasis and regulation of stomatal closure. Involved in the accumulation of K+ that drives the rapid stomatal opening. Down-regulation of genes related to stomatal regulation has been observed in soybean, which appears to be a part of dehydration response, leading to a reduction in the amount of stomata in leaves. | [74] |
| Inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate 5/6-kinase | 0.035 | 2.090 | Part of IP3 signal transduction pathway. | [75] |