Table 4.

The observed positive effects of MnNPs on plants

Plant	Particle size (nm)	Particle concentration	Comment	Observed effect	References
Vigna radiata	MnNPs	50, 100, 500, 1000 mg L−1	Leaf and root enzyme extract was analyzed for use as nanofertilizer	Nitrogen uptake, its assimilation, and metabolism was increased after MnNPs soil application	[82]
Vigna radiata	MnNPs	50, 100, 500, 1000 mg L−1	Leaf and root enzyme extract was analyzed. Chloroplasts from leaves were isolated and analyzed for their level of photophosphorylation and oxygen evolution	MnNP-treated chloroplasts showed greater photophosphorylation, oxygen evolution with respect to control and MnSO4-treated chloroplasts. Positive effects on root and shoot elongation was observed	[57]
Lactuca sativa	MnOx NPs 5–15 nm	0.25, 0.5, 5, 10, mg L−1	Overall, the data suggests that MnOx NPs can be used as an Mn fertilizer (better than their soluble or bulk solid counterparts) for crop growth improvement	MnOx NPs specifically improved the growth of lettuce seedlings by enhancing root elongation	[83]