Table 3.

Unadjusted (Model 1) and adjusted (Model 2) associations for Internet use for major depressive disorder, depressive symptomatology, and psychological distress (adjusted for age, SES and BMI)

	Model 1						Model 2a
	Males			Females			Males			Females
	OR	95% CI	P	OR	95% CI	p	OR	95% CI	p	OR	95% CI	P
Major depressive disorderb
Weekday internet use
≤ 2 h	Ref			Ref			Ref			Ref
3–6 h	1.27	0.70, 2.33	0.429	2.11	1.35, 3.29	0.001	1.20	0.63, 2.26	0.581	1.87	1.15, 3.02	0.011
≥ 7 h	1.99	0.97, 4.04	0.057	2.33	1.35, 4.02	0.002	1.81	0.86, 3.83	0.120	2.09	1.16, 3.76	0.014
Weekend internet use
≤ 2 h	Ref			Ref			Ref			Ref
3–6 h	0.95	0.51, 1.73	0.861	1.33	0.83, 2.10	0.232	0.94	0.50, 1.78	0.847	0.93	0.57, 1.51	0.779
≥ 7 h	1.62	0.80, 3.27	0.177	2.25	1.32, 3.83	0.003	1.47	0.70, 3.07	0.306	1.62	0.93, 2.82	0.088
Age							1.20	1.04, 1.37	0.010	1.38	1.24, 1.53	0.000
SESc							1.02	0.87, 1.19	0.795	0.96	0.86, 1.08	0.521
BMI							1.06	1.00, 1.11	0.020	1.02	0.98, 1.06	0.269
Psychological distressd
Weekday internet use
≤ 2 h	Ref			Ref			Ref			Ref
3–6 h	1.00	0.69, 1.46	0.986	1.36	0.99, 1.86	0.055	0.93	0.62, 1.39	0.725	1.16	0.83, 1.62	0.390
≥ 7 h	1.53	0.97, 2.43	0.068	1.73	1.15, 2.60	0.008	1.45	0.89, 2.37	0.135	1.54	1.00, 2.39	0.051
Weekend internet use
≤ 2 h	Ref			Ref			Ref			Ref
3–6 h	1.47	1.00, 2.16	0.050	1.54	1.11, 2.13	0.009	1.39	0.93, 2.08	0.437	1.39	0.98, 1.97	0.065
≥ 7 h	2.28	1.43, 3.68	0.001	2.67	1.78, 4.01	0.000	2.23	1.36, 3.65	0.002	2.38	1.55, 3.67	0.000
Age							1.03	0.95, 1.12	0.437	1.20	1.11, 1.29	0.000
SES							1.06	0.95, 1.17	0.302	0.98	0.89, 1.07	0.603
BMI							1.03	1.00, 1.07	0.047	1.04	1.01, 1.07	0.008

Bold indicates significant values (p < 0.05)

OR Odds Ratio BMI Body mass index SES Socio-economic status

^aAdjusted for age, relative level of socio-economic disadvantage and BMI

^bCo-efficient = Odds Ratio for depression compared to no depressive disorder

^cSocio-economic disadvantage indicated by 2011 Australian Bureau of Statistics Index of Relative Socio-Economic Disadvantage for the Statistical Area in which the family was living at the time of the survey, where higher index level indicates greater level of advantage

^dCo-efficient = Odds Ratio for high or very high psychological distress compared to low/moderate psychological distress