Table 3.
Risk of a subsequent exacerbation of patients with ≥1 exacerbation during the 12-month after a previous exacerbation
| US database | UK database | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| N = 27,865 | N = 17,785 | ||
| Covariates | HR (95% CI)a | HR (95% CI)b | |
| Exacerbation type | OCS only | Ref. | Ref. |
| ED/hospitalization | 1.35 (1.26, 1.44) | 1.32 (1.18, 1.47)* | |
| Exacerbations during the 12-month pre-index period | 0 | NR | Ref. |
| ≥1 | NR | 1.90 (1.75, 2.05)* | |
| GINA (US only) or BTS (UK only) Treatment Stepsc | Step 1 | Steps 1–3 combined: Ref. | Ref. |
| Step 2 | 1.02 (0.90, 1.17) | ||
| Step 3 | 1.35 (1.19, 1.53)* | ||
| Step 4 | 1.26 (1.18, 1.35) | 1.44 (1.25, 1.65)* | |
| Step 5 | 1.44 (1.32, 1.56) | 1.87 (1.64, 2.14)* | |
| Not classifiable/none | 0.76 (0.34, 1.69) | 1.36 (0.85, 2.19) |
*p < 0.0001
aMultivariable proportional hazards model with the following covariates: exacerbation type, gender, GINA Step, Leidy category
bmultivariable proportional hazards model with the following covariates: exacerbation type, gender, BTS Step, atopy, Leidy category and exacerbation history; cGINA failed the proportionality test so was removed from the UK database
BTS British Thoracic Society, CI confidence interval, ED emergency department, GINA Global Initiative for Asthma, HR hazard ratio, NR not referenced, OCS oral corticosteroids