Table 2.
I Processed Food Western Diet (high Na+-low K+) |
II Reduced-Na+ Western Diet (low Na+-low K+) |
III K+-Enriched Western Diet (high Na+-high K+) |
IV Recommended DASH Diet (low Na+-high K+) |
---|---|---|---|
↓ Renin, ANG II | ↑ Renin, ANG II | ↑ Aldo | ↑ Renin, ANG II, Aldo |
↑ NCC activity | ↑ NCC activity | ↓NCC activity | ↓ NCC activity |
↓ ENaC activity | ↓ ENaC activity | ↑ ENaC activity | ↑ ENaC activity |
K+ retention | K+ retention | K+ excretion | K+ excretion |
Na+ retention | Na+ retention | Na+ excretion | Na+ excretion |
↑ Blood pressure | ← → Blood pressure | ↓ Blood pressure | ↓ Blood pressure |
Raising dietary K+ provokes a decrease in NCC activity, independent of dietary Na+, which provokes an increase in NCC activity, independent of dietary Na+. ANG II, angiotensin II; NCC, Na+-Cl− cotransporter; ENaC, epithelial Na+ channel; Aldo, aldosterone.