Fig. 8.

CPIR magnitude (means ± SE) was attenuated by knocking out Sur1, but not by knocking out Calhm1, the P2X2+P2X3 receptor, or SGLT1 (experiment 6). We defined CPIR as a significant increase in plasma insulin concentration, relative to baseline, within 5 min of initiating licking for the taste stimulus (i.e., Δ plasma insulin concentration), based on a one-sample t-test (P < 0.05). For each treatment level, we represent the scores from each mouse as a circle, and the mean score as a horizontal line. We distinguish treatment levels that either did or did not elicit a CPIR with closed and open circles, respectively. All mice took a weight-specific (4.3 licks/g) number of licks for 2.8 M glucose. We compared the response of each type of knockout (KO) mouse to its corresponding wild-type (WT) control, using an unpaired t-test. Only the Sur1 KO mice differed significantly from their WT control (*P < 0.05).