Table 2.
Cumulative Incidences and Incidence Rates of Liver Aminotransferases >200 U/L Among Initiators of Antiretroviral Drugs and Regimens Within Kaiser Permanente Northern California (2004–2010) and the Veterans Aging Cohort Study (2004–2012), Stratified by the Presence of Viral Hepatitis Coinfection
| Regimen/Drug | Without Viral Hepatitis Coinfection | With Viral Hepatitis Coinfection | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. Exposed | No. Events |
Person-Time | Cumulative Incidence at 1 Year/100 Persons (95% CI) |
Incidence Rate, Events/1000 Person-Years (95% CI) |
No. Exposed | No. Events |
Person- Time | Cumulative Incidence at 1 Year/100 Persons (95% CI) |
Incidence Rate, Events/1000 Person-Years (95% CI) |
|
| Overall | 7970 | 93 | 4488 | 1.7 (1.4–2.2) | 20.7 (16.7–25.4) | 2113 | 113 | 973 | 9.0 (7.4–11.0) | 116.1 (95.7–139.6) |
| NRTI Components | ||||||||||
| TDF/FTC or TDF/3TC | 5762 | 66 | 3464 | 1.6 (1.3–2.1) | 19.1 (14.7–24.2) | 1343 | 73 | 674 | 8.3 (6.6–10.6) | 108.3 (84.9–136.2) |
| ABC/3TC | 392 | 5 | 211 | 2.2 (0.9–5.4) | 23.6 (7.7–55.2) | 162 | 6 | 71 | 5.9 (2.5–13.5) | 84.9 (31.1–184.7) |
| 3TC/ZDV | 1032 | 9 | 481 | 1.3 (0.6–2.7) | 18.7 (8.6–35.5) | 344 | 20 | 129 | 12.9 (7.7–21.0) | 155.0 (94.7–239.3) |
| Othera | 784 | 13 | 332 | 2.8 (1.6–5.1) | 39.2 (20.9–67.0) | 264 | 14 | 100 | 13.3 (7.2–23.9) | 140.7 (76.9–236.0) |
| Antiretroviral Class | ||||||||||
| Non-NRTI | 4937 | 59 | 2948 | 1.7 (1.3–2.3) | 20.0 (15.2–25.8) | 1148 | 47 | 568 | 6.9 (5.1–9.3) | 82.7 (60.7–109.9) |
| PI | 2520 | 25 | 1299 | 1.5 (1.0–2.3) | 19.2 (12.5–28.4) | 833 | 59 | 356 | 12.0 (9.1–15.6) | 165.8 (126.2–213.9) |
| INSTI | 195 | 5 | 112 | 3.4 (1.3–8.6) | 44.7 (14.5–104.4) | 33 | 1 | 14 | 8.3 (1.2–46.1) | 72.8 (1.8–405.8) |
| Otherb | 318 | 4 | 129 | 2.3 (0.8–7.1) | 31.1 (8.5–79.6) | 99 | 6 | 35 | 12.2 (4.5–30.3) | 170.5 (62.6–371.1) |
| Commonly Used Regimens | ||||||||||
| EFV/TDF/FTC | 3697 | 42 | 2320 | 1.6 (1.2–2.3) | 18.1 (13.0–24.5) | 761 | 30 | 401 | 6.1 (4.2–8.8) | 74.7 (50.4–106.7) |
| ATV/r + TDF/FTC | 854 | 11 | 511 | 1.8 (0.9–3.3) | 21.5 (10.7–38.5) | 256 | 18 | 124 | 8.6 (5.5–13.5) | 144.7 (85.8–228.8) |
| EFV + 3TC/ZDV | 556 | 2 | 270 | 0.8 (0.2–3.7) | 7.4 (0.9–26.7) | 189 | 8 | 71 | 8.4 (3.9–17.4) | 112.2 (48.4–221.0) |
| LPV/r + TDF/FTC | 276 | 3 | 131 | 1.2 (0.4–3.5) | 22.8 (4.7–66.7) | 90 | 7 | 39 | 14.1 (6.8–28.2) | 179.2 (72.1–369.3) |
| LPV/r + 3TC/ZDV | 221 | 1 | 95 | 1.0 (0.1–6.6) | 10.5 (0.3–58.7) | 70 | 6 | 25 | 20.4 (7.7–47.9) | 238.1 (87.4–518.3) |
| DRV/r + TDF/FTC | 224 | 1 | 119 | 0.5 (0.1–3.2) | 8.4 (0.2–46.6) | 46 | 5 | 22 | 16.1 (6.7–36.0) | 230.1 (74.7–536.9) |
| ATV/r + ABC/3TC | 150 | 2 | 80 | 2.3 (0.6–9.4) | 24.9 (3.0–89.8) | 55 | 3 | 25 | 7.4 (2.4–21.7) | 117.8 (24.3–344.2) |
| RAL + TDF/FTC | 174 | 5 | 102 | 3.7 (1.4–9.3) | 49.1 (16.0–114.6) | 28 | 1 | 13 | 8.3 (1.2–46.1) | 77.0 (2.0–429.2) |
| EFV + TDF/3TC | 126 | 1 | 70 | 1.9 (0.3–12.6) | 14.3 (0.4–79.6) | 30 | 1 | 15 | 4.8 (0.7–29.3) | 68.0 (1.7–379.1) |
| EFV + ABC/3TC | 113 | 2 | 66 | 2.7 (0.6–11.0) | 30.3 (3.7–109.5) | 41 | 1 | 19 | 2.4 (0.3–16.1) | 52.2 (1.3–290.6) |
Abbreviations: 3TC, lamivudine; ABC, abacavir; ATV, atazanavir; CI, confidence interval; DRV, darunavir; DTG, dolutegravir; EFV, efavirenz; FTC, emtricitabine; INSTI, integrase strand transfer inhibitor; LPV, lopinavir; NRTI, nucleos(t)ide reverse-transcriptase inhibitor; NVP, nevirapine; PI, protease inhibitor; r, ritonavir; RAL, raltegravir; TDF, tenofovir; ZDV, zidovudine.
a“Other” category includes regimens with <2 NRTIs or alternative NRTI combinations than those listed above.
b“Other” includes regimens unable to be classified in the prior categories, such as those with none or >1 antiretroviral class.