Table 1. Baseline characteristics, study of the effect of socioeconomic support on tuberculosis prevention and treatment, Peru, 2014–2015.
| Characteristics | Intervention households (n = 135) | Control households (n = 147) | All households (n = 282) |
|---|---|---|---|
| All household contacts | |||
| Number of contacts identified per household, mean (SD) | 4.9 (2.9) | 4.4 (2.9) | 4.6 (2.9) |
| Number of contacts aged < 20 years identified per household, mean (SD) | 1.9 (1.7) | 1.7 (1.7) | 1.8 (1.7) |
| Contacts aged < 20 years (n = 518) | |||
| Age in years, median (IQR) | 9.1 (4.0–15) | 9.0 (4.0–14) | 9.1 (4.0–14) |
| Male sex, % (95% CI) | 52 (46–58) | 53 (47–60) | 53 (49–57) |
| Patients (n = 282) | |||
| Age in years, median (IQR) | 30 (21–45) | 28 (20–43) | 28 (21–44) |
| Male sex, % (95% CI) | 64 (55–72) | 60 (52–68) | 62 (56–67) |
| Completed secondary school, % (95% CI) | 27 (20–35) | 37 (29–45) | 32 (27–38) |
| Unemployed before diagnosis, % (95% CI) | 36 (28–44) | 35 (27–43) | 36 (30–41) |
| Number of days went to bed hungry in past month (i.e. food insecurity), mean (95% CI) | 1.8 (1.1–2.5) | 1.5 (0.9–2.1) | 1.6 (1.2–2.1) |
| Sputum smear-positive,a % (95% CI) | 71 (63–79) | 68 (60–76) | 70 (64–75) |
| Isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis only, % (95% CI) | 6.7 (2.4–11) | 8.2 (3.7–13) | 7.4 (4.4–11) |
| MDR-TB, % (95% CI) | 6.7 (2–11) | 10.2 (5–15) | 8.5 (5–12) |
| HIV-positive, % (95% CI) | 3.7 (0.48–6.9) | 5.4 (1.7–9.2) | 4.6 (2.1–7.1) |
| Previous tuberculosis episode, % (95% CI) | 18 (11–25) | 27 (20–35) | 23 (18–28) |
| Body mass index in kg/m2, mean (95% CI) | 22 (21–23) | 22 (21–22) | 22 (21–22) |
| Households (n = 282) | |||
| Monthly household income in Peruvian soles, mean (95% CI) | 1190 (1071–1309) |
1271 (1127–1415) |
1231 (1138–1325) |
| Number of people per room (i.e. crowding), mean (95% CI) | 1.9 (1.7–2.1) | 2.0 (1.8–2.2) | 2.0 (1.8–2.1) |
| Poverty group,b % (95% CI) | |||
| Poorest tercile | 41 (32–49) | 38 (30–46) | 39 (34–45) |
| Poor tercile | 30 (23–38) | 35 (27–42) | 33 (27–38) |
| Less-poor tercile | 29 (21–37) | 27 (20–34) | 28 (23–33) |
CI: confidence interval; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; IQR: interquartile range; MDR-TB: multidrug-resistant tuberculosis; SD: standard deviation.
a A sputum smear test result was defined as positive if acid alcohol-fast bacilli were observed by the Peruvian National Tuberculosis Programme reference laboratory or by our research team’s laboratory in a sputum sample obtained before tuberculosis treatment.
b The level of household poverty was determined by combining socioeconomic variables into a composite index using principal component analysis, as previously described.29