Table 3.
Factors associated with CAM use in children with MSK conditions in a multivariable model (N =1,502).*
| Odds ratio | 95% CI | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | 0.003 | ||
| Male | REF | ||
| Female | 1.5 | 1.2 – 2.0 | |
| Age (years) | 0.155 | ||
| 4–6 | REF | ||
| 7–11 | 0.5 | 0.1 – 1.4 | |
| 12–18 | 0.6 | 0.2 – 1.8 | |
| Ethnicity | 0.315 | ||
| Hispanic | REF | ||
| Non-Hispanic | 1.2 | 0.8 – 1.8 | |
| Race | 0.001 | ||
| White | REF | ||
| Black | 0.4 | 0.2–0.6 | |
| American Indian/Alaskan Native | 2.7 | 1.0 – 7.0 | |
| Asian | 0.7 | 0.3 – 1.4 | |
| Multiple races | 1.2 | 0.7 – 2.0 | |
| Highest education of at least one parent | <0.001 | ||
| Less than high school diploma | REF | ||
| High school diploma or GED | 3.2 | 1.5 – 6.7 | |
| More than high school | 4.6 | 2.3 – 9.1 | |
| Region | 0.001 | ||
| Northeast | REF | ||
| Midwest | 1.3 | 0.8 – 2.2 | |
| South | 0.8 | 0.5 – 1.3 | |
| West | 1.7 | 1.0 – 2.8 | |
| Parental CAM use in last year | <0.001 | ||
| No | REF | ||
| Yes | 2.8 | 2.1 – 3.9 | |
| Ratio to Poverty Line | 0.816 | ||
| <0.50–1.00 | REF | ||
| 1.00–1.99 | 0.8 | 0.5 – 1.4 | |
| 2.00–3.99 | 0.9 | 0.5 – 1.6 | |
| 4.00 and above | 1.0 | 0.5 – 1.8 | |
| Health Status | 0.175 | ||
| Excellent | REF | ||
| Very good | 0.7 | 0.5 – 1.0 | |
| Good | 1.0 | 0.7 – 1.5 | |
| Fair | 0.6 | 0.3 – 1.3 | |
| Poor | 1.5 | 0.3 – 8.3 | |
| Access to care | 0.297 | ||
| Not covered | REF | ||
| Public | 0.7 | 0.4 – 1.3 | |
| Private | 1.0 | 0.6 – 1.6 | |
| School days missed | 0.085 | ||
| 0–5 | REF | ||
| 5–10 | 0.9 | 0.6 – 1.4 | |
| 10–20 | 1.9 | 1.2 – 3.0 | |
| ≥20 | 1.2 | 0.6 – 2.7 | |
| Presence of anxiety, stress or depression | 0.030 | ||
| No | REF | ||
| Yes | 1.3 | 1.0 – 1.8 |
*
The represented subpopulation size differs from Table 1 because of 9 observations, which were dropped due to missing data (N = 1,511 to N = 1,502). CAM use is within a 12 month period prior to survey, rather than ever use. P-values report global tests for each category.