Spearman rank test analysis for the correlation between HIF-1α, ATF4, and M-CSF expression with M2-polarized macrophage infiltration in IH tissues. The expression of HIF-1α (A), ATF4 (B), and M-CSF (C) was positively correlated with the percentage of M2-polarized macrophages (CD68+/CD163+) in IH tissues (N=27). Abbreviations: HIF-1α, hypoxia inducible factor-1α; ATF4, activating transcription factor 4; M-CSF, macrophage colony-stimulating factor; IH, infantile hemangioma.