Figure 4.
(a) Mean arterial pressure (MAP), (b) cardiac output, (c) peripheral vascular resistance (PVR), (d) stroke volume, (e) heart rate, (f) baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), and (g) muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) at baseline (open bars) and at decompensation (closed bars) in high-tolerant (HT) and low-tolerant (LT) subject groups. Bars and lines represent mean ± 1 sem. †P < 0.001 compared with corresponding LT value. Modified from Convertino et al.28 (h) MSNA recordings at baseline (BL), sub-maximal LBNP (SM), and presyncope (PS) in HT (top panel) and LT (bottom panel) subjects