MIOX modulates the expression of inflammatory cytokines in cisplatin-induced AKI. A remarkable increase in the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1 was observed in MIOX-TG mice receiving cisplatin compared with WT or MIOX-KO mice or untreated control mice (A–D), although a moderate increase of TNF-α was observed in WT mice after cisplatin treatment (C). Examination of kidneys revealed a remarkable increase of interstitial inflammatory cells in the MIOX-TG mice receiving cisplatin (G, arrowheads). The inset shows the morphologic nature of the infiltrating inflammatory cells (green arrowheads). A mild increase was also observed in cisplatin-treated WT mice (F, arrowheads). The MIOX-KO mice had no significant increase of inflammatory cells compared with the untreated WT control (H versus E, arrowheads). A few foci of apoptosis were also seen in MIOX-TG mice (G, arrow). *, P<0.01 compared with the control group; #, P<0.05 compared with the control group.