FIGURE 1.

Ampelopsis Radix decreased viability and induced apoptosis in CRC cells. (A) Cell viability was measured by the MTT assay. HCT-116 or SW480 cells were treated with various concentrations of AR or vehicle for 24 and 48 h, respectively. NCM406 cells were treated for 24 h. Data were shown as mean ± SD from three independent experiments, ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01 vs. vehicle (24 h); ^##p < 0.01 vs. vehicle (48 h). (B) HCT-116 and SW480 cells were treated with various concentrations of AR or vehicle control for 48 h. Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry after Annexin V/PI double staining. The percentage of apoptotic cells was presented as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments, ^∗∗p < 0.01 vs. vehicle. (C) The expression levels of cleaved-PARP, cleaved-caspase-3, -7, -8, and -9 in HCT-116 and SW480 cells treated with various concentrations of AR or vehicle for 24 h were detected by Western blotting. The representative results were shown.