Table 3.
Examples of polymer-clay nanocomposites and their barrier improvements. Permeabilities are expressed as improvement ratios: the ratio of the gas permeability or transmission rate of the virgin polymer to the gas permeability or transmission rate of the polymer-clay composite, measured at the same conditions [133].
| Polymer Matrix | Filler | Clay (wt %) | P(O2) | P(H2O) | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Modified montmorillonite | 16.7 | 2.8 | [264] | |
| PET | Modified montmorillonite | 5 | 15.6 | 1.2 | [265] |
| Modified montmorillonite | 5 | 2.23 | 1.15 | [266] | |
| EVOH | Kaolinite | 5 | 3–4 | 1.2 | [267] |
| PLA | Montmorillonite | 5 | 1.16 | 1.21 | [266] |
| Modified montmorillonite | 5 | 1.2–1.9 | 1.7–2 | [268] | |
| Mica | 4 | 2.8 | [269] | ||
| PHB | Kaolinite | 5 | 1.26 | 1.06 | [266] |
| HDPE | Modified montmorillonite | 4 | 1.2–1.7 | [270] | |
| Modified montmorillonite | 5 | 2.8–2.9 | 1.8–2.4 | [271] | |
| LDPE | Modified montmorillonite | 4.76 | 2.2 | [272] |