Figure 5.
Chitosan nanoparticles act as carriers and enhance the immunostimulatory activity of protein antigen for its presentation by antigen-presenting cells (APC). The stimulated cytotoxic T cells attack and kill cancer cells, whereas cytokines released by APC activate T cell differentiation and expansion. MHC: major histocompatibility complex; TCR: T cell receptor; Chitosan-NP: Chitosan-nanoparticle