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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Pharmacol Ther. 2017 Jan 27;173:19–33. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.01.004

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

LRAT, RDH10 and CRBP1 co-localize around LD during RE biosynthesis. Confocal microscopy of LRAT, CRBP1 and RDH10 with fluorescent reporters (Jiang & Napoli, 2012; Jiang & Napoli, 2013). LRAT localizes around LD containing RE, as does CRBP1. White arrows designate LD. RDH10 also concentrates on LD surfaces. This places LRAT and RDH10 at a major source of substrate for their reactions and also places the enzymes with the substrate delivery vehicle CRBP1. CRBP1 does not associate as tightly with LD as the two enzymes, consistent with its function of conducting retinol from the cell membrane to LD. These data suggest that LD act as organelles of hormone generation.