Fig. 5.

(a) Western blot analysis of LC3, Beclin-1 and (b) Respective densitometry analysis and (c) Representative fluorescence photomicrographs of GFP – LC3 plasmid transfected A549 and their respective statistical analysis (d) in the presence and absence of chloroquine to determine the autophagic flux. Scale Bar - 20 μm. Immunoblotting analysis (e), respective densitometry (f) and corresponding fluorescence photomicrographs (g) depicting the accumulation of SQSTM1/p62 after GCNF exposure in A549 cells. Scale Bar - 20 μm. Per view 10 cells and 4 views per group were analyzed. (h ) Immunoblotting and (i) respective densitometry analysis of GCNF exposed A549 cells to assess the effect on mTOR signaling pathways. GAPDH was used as a loading control. Values are expressed as mean ± SE of three independent experiment. *p<0.05 was considered as statistical significant