Table 2.

Clinical characteristics of clinical stage I NSCLC patients that received surgical resection from 2000–2012, that were eligible for either STARS only, or both STARS and ROSEL.

Patient Characteristics	Patients eligible for STARS only (n = 508)	Patients eligible for STARS and ROSEL (n = 214)	P Value

Age	66.64 (± 10.10)	65.81 (± 10.07)	0.39

ACE (Adult Comorbidity Evaluation) Score
0	59 (7.7%)	26 (16.9%)	0.95
1	199 (35.2%)	77 (41.4%)
2	129 (30.2%)	55 (20.3%)
3	75 (17.0%)	32 (12.3%)

Gender
Male	241 (47.4%)	94 (43.9%)	0.39
Female	267 (52.6%)	120 (56.1%)

Race
Caucasian	435 (85.6%)	186 (86.9%)	0.58
Other	73 (14.4%)	27 (12.6%)

Prior Malignancy
No	314 (61.8%)	154 (72.0%)	0.01
Yes	193 (38.0%)	59 (27.6%)

FEV₁ % Predicted	81.79 (± 0.19)	80.53 (± 0.20)	0.40
DLCO % Predicted	74.79 (± 0.23)	74.90 (± 0.19)	0.43

Smoking History
Current	174 (34.3%)	76 (35.5%)	0.92
Never	54 (10.6%)	21 (9.8%)
Past	280 (55.1%)	117 (54.7%)

Number of Comorbidities
0	154 (30.3%)	70 (32.7%)	0.94
1	184 (36.2%)	74 (34.6%)
2	98 (19.3%)	40 (18.7%)
≥3	72 (14.2%)	30 (14.0%)

Tumor Location
Left lower lobe	70 (13.8%)	33 (15.4%)	0.71
Left upper lobe	150 (29.5%)	65 (30.4%)
Right lower lobe	86 (16.9%)	30 (14.0%)
Right upper lobe	172 (33.9%)	77 (36.0%)
Right middle	30 (5.9%)	9 (4.2%)

Parenchymal Location
Central	182 (35.8%)	0 (0.00%)	<0.01
Peripheral	326 (64.2%)	214 (100%)

Clinical T stage
T1a	132 (26.0%)	214 (100%)	<0.01
T1b	257 (50.6%)	0 (0.00%)
T2	119 (23.4%)	0 (0.00%)

Pathology
Adenocarcinoma	310 (61.0%)	144 (67.3%)	0.05
Squamous	143 (28.2%)	42 (19.6%)
Other	55 (10.8%)	28 (13.1%)

Preoperative Lesion Size (cm)	2.55 (± 0.79)	1.56 (± 0.37)	<0.01

Resection type
Bilobectomy or pneumonectomy	29 (5.7%)	1 (0.5%)	<0.01
Lobectomy	400 (78.7%)	163 (76.2%)
Segmentectomy	31 (6.1%)	9 (4.2%)
Wedge	48 (9.5%)	41 (19.2%)

Surgical approach
Thoracotomy	303 (59.7%)	126 (58.9%)	0.70
VATS	203 (40.0%)	86 (40.2%)
Sternotomy	2 (0.4%)	2 (0.9%)