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. 2017 Jan 6;26(5):888–900. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddx004

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© The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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High folic acid intake altered folate metabolism in liver of lactating mothers and led to changes in choline metabolism. (A) Total MTHFR protein was reduced in FASD mothers (n = 5/group). (B) The ratio of the phosphorylated MTHFR isoform (less active) to the non-phosphorylated isoform was increased in the FASD group (n = 5/group). mRNA expression of (C) methionine synthase (Mtr) was reduced, (D) methionine synthase reductase (Mtrr) was increased and (E) Pemt was increased due to FASD (n = 7/group). (F) There was a trend towards lower GPC due to diet in maternal plasma, (n = 7/group, #P = 0.06). Values are means ± SEM; *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.005.