Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the patients included in this meta-analysis.
| A | ||||||||||||
| Bleeker.et al | Cipriani.et al. | Kelarijani et al. | Leyva et al. | |||||||||
| (n = 173) | (n = 507) | (n = 65) | (n = 550) | |||||||||
| male | female | male | female | male | female | male | female | |||||
| (n = 137) | (n = 36) | (n = 405) | (n = 102) | (n = 50) | (n = 15) | (n = 428) | (n = 122) | |||||
| 79% | 21% | P | 80% | 20% | p | 77% | 23% | p | 78% | 22% | p | |
| Nation | Netherlands | Italy | Iran | UK | ||||||||
| Follow-up time(M) | 6 | 12 | 6 | 36 | ||||||||
| Age | 66±11 | 65±11 | NS | 61±10 | 64±10 | NS | 61± 10 | 59± 12 | <0.05 | 70±11 | 71±11 | NS |
| NYHA class | – | – | – | 2.6±0.6 | 2.8±0.5 | NS | 3.1±0.3 | 3.1±0.5 | NS | – | – | – |
| NYHA class I/II/III/IV | 0/0/117/20 | 0/0/33/3 | NS | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0/0/299/129 | 0/0/79/43 | NS |
| Ischemic cardiomyopathy(%) | 62.0 | 33.0 | <0.05 | 86.0 | 21.0 | <0.001 | – | – | – | 70.0 | 51.0 | NS |
| Dilated cardiomyopathy(%) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Chronic atrial fibrillation(%) | – | – | – | 16.0 | 10.0 | NS | – | – | – | 24.0 | 13.0 | 0.019 |
| QoL score | 40±15 | 45±14 | NS | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| QRS duration(ms) | 173±28 | 168±35 | NS | 163±29 | 163±26 | NS | 142±15 | 152±11 | <0.05 | 156±29 | 152±26 | NS |
| Patients with LBBB(%) | 100 | 100 | NS | 79 | 86 | NS | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| LVEF(%) | 21.0±8.0 | 21.0±7.0 | NS | 26.7±6.0 | 26.6±5.5 | NS | 21.0±7.2 | 20.0±7.5 | NS | 24.4±9.6 | 23.5±11.7 | NS |
| LVEDD(mm) | – | – | – | – | – | – | 67±6 | 69±6 | NS | – | – | – |
| LVESV(ml) | 204±76 | 193±72 | NS | 192±80 | 152±62 | NS | – | – | – | 192±80 | 152±62 | NS |
| LVEDV(ml) | 257±82 | 242±78 | NS | 259±94 | 205±73 | NS | – | – | – | 259±94 | 205±73 | 0.03 |
| LVESVi(ml/m2) | – | – | – | 96±41 | 81±28 | NS | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| LVEDVi(ml/m2) | – | – | – | 131±48 | 112±33 | NS | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| CRT-D(%) | – | – | – | 65.0 | 61.0 | NS | – | – | – | 17.0 | 9.0 | 0.025 |
|
NOS score |
8 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||||||
| Outcomes† | 1,2,3,4,5,7,8 | 1,5,7 | 1,5,6 | 1,3 | ||||||||
| B | ||||||||||||
| Zabarovskaja et al. | Steffel et al. | Lilli et al. | Xu et al. | |||||||||
| (n = 619) | (n = 809) | (n = 195) | (n = 728) | |||||||||
| male | female | male | female | male | female | male | female | |||||
| (n = 500) | (n = 119) | (n = 585) | (n = 224) | (n = 149) | (n = 46) | (n = 562) | (n = 166) | |||||
| 81% | 19% | P | 72% | 28% | P | 76% | 24% | p | 77% | 23% | P | |
| Nation | Sweden | Switzerland* | Italy | China* | ||||||||
| Follow-up time(M) | 44 | 42 | 12 | 12 | 45 | |||||||
| Age | 68+10 | 67+12 | NS | 58±12 | 58±14 | NS | 71±10 | 73±8 | NS | 69±11 | 66±12 | NS |
| NYHA class | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3.1±0.6 | 3.2±0.4 | NS | 3.0±0.5 | 3.0±0.5 | NS |
| NYHA class I/II/III/IV | –/41/250/20 | –/8/67/4 | NS | 5/16/546/18 | 0/3/213/8 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Ischemic cardiomyopathy(%) | 65.0 | 42.0 | <0.01 | 58.9 | 32.3 | <0.001 | 53.0 | 42.0 | NS | 64.0 | 32.0 | <0.001 |
| Dilated cardiomyopathy(%) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Chronic atrial fibrillation(%) | 44.0 | 34.0 | NS | – | – | – | – | – | – | 32.0 | 20.0 | 0.005 |
| QoL score | – | – | – | 50±24 | 54±24 | 0.021 | 33±16 | 36±15 | NS | – | – | – |
| QRS duration(ms) | 154+32 | 160+27 | NS | 102±13 | 106±13 | <0.001 | 153±23 | 154±19 | NS | 166±36 | 162±29 | NS |
| Patients with LBBB(%) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 42 | 63 | < .0001 |
| LVEF(%) | 24+8.6 | 24+8.3 | NS | 27.2±5.4 | 26.9±5.6 | NS | 27.3±6.6 | 29.3±6.5 | NS | 23.5±7.5 | 23.9±7.2 | NS |
| LVEDD(mm) | 66+9 | 62+10 | 0.001 | 67±8 | 64±7 | – | – | – | 66±9 | 65±10 | ||
| LVESV(ml) | – | – | – | – | – | – | 154±57 | 131±51 | <0.05 | – | – | – |
| LVEDV(ml) | – | – | – | – | – | – | 209±67 | 183±62 | <0.05 | – | – | – |
| LVESVi(ml/m2) | – | – | – | – | – | – | 82±30 | 77±32 | – | – | – | |
| LVEDVi(ml/m2) | – | – | – | – | – | – | 111±34 | 107±39 | – | – | – | |
| CRT-D(%) | 36.0 | 26.0 | 0.04 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| NOS score | 7 | 8 | 8 | 8 | ||||||||
| Outcomes | 4 | 4 | 1,2,3, | 1,4,5,6 | ||||||||
| C | ||||||||||||
| Loring et al. | Mooyaart et al. | Schuchert et al. | ||||||||||
| (n = 144642) | (n = 578) | (n = 393) | ||||||||||
| male | female | male | female | male | female | |||||||
| (n = 107475) | (n = 37167) | (n = 431) | (n = 147) | (n = 311) | (n = 82) | |||||||
| 74% | 26% | P | 75% | 25% | P | 79% | 21% | P | ||||
| Nation | America | Netherlands | German | |||||||||
| Follow-up time(M) | 36 | 6 | 24 | |||||||||
| Age | – | – | – | 67±9 | 65±11 | 68±10 | 68±9 | |||||
| NYHA class | – | – | – | 3.1±0.3 | 3.1±0.3 | – | – | – | ||||
| NYHA class I/II/III/IV | – | – | – | – | – | – | -/-/265/44 | -/-/73/7 | ||||
| Ischemic cardiomyopathy(%) | 69.0 | 53.0 | - | 67.0 | 37.0 | <0.001 | 55.6 | 25.6 | <0.0001 | |||
| Dilated cardiomyopathy(%) | – | – | – | – | – | – | 44.4 | 74.4 | <0.0001 | |||
| Chronic atrial fibrillation(%) | 56.0 | 48.0 | – | 20.0 | 10.0 | 0.01 | 10.9 | 12.2 | NS | |||
| QoL score | – | – | – | 39±18 | 41±17 | NS | 42±21 | 54±20 | <0.0001 | |||
| QRS duration(ms) | – | – | – | 166±26 | 166±22 | NS | 162±26 | 168±36 | NS | |||
| Patients with LBBB(%) | 39 | 53 | – | 68 | 81 | 0.002 | – | – | – | |||
| LVEF(%) | – | – | – | 23.0±7.0 | 23.0±7.0 | NS | 25.0±6.0 | 25.0±7.1 | NS | |||
| LVEDD(mm) | – | – | – | – | – | – | 71±10 | 67±9 | 0.0009 | |||
| LVESV(ml) | – | – | – | 183±72 | 161±67 | 0.002 | – | – | – | |||
| LVEDV(ml) | – | – | – | 235±82 | 208±78 | 0.001 | – | – | – | |||
| LVESVi(ml/m2) | – | – | – | 92±36 | 92±36 | NS | – | – | – | |||
| LVEDVi(ml/m2) | – | – | – | 118±41 | 118±46 | NS | – | – | – | |||
| CRT-D(%) | 100.0 | 100.0 | – | – | – | – | 61.7 | 35.4 | <0.0001 | |||
| NOS score | 8 | 8 | 8 | |||||||||
| Outcomes | 4 | 4 | 1,2,4,5,6 | |||||||||
“-” indicates not reported.
“M” indicates month.
“ms” indicates milliseconds.
“NS” indicates no statistical significance. LVESVi: left ventricular end systolic volume index.
LVEDVi: left ventricular end diastolic volume index.
“*” indicates the study was completed by many authors from different countries, But only the country of the first author was listed.
“†” eight outcomes were included in this meta-analysis:
1: NYHA class.
2: quality of life.
3: 6-minitue walk distance.
4: all-cause mortality.
5: left ventricular ejection fraction.
6: left ventricular end diastolic diameter.
7: left ventricular end systolic volume.
8: left ventricular end diastolic volume