Characterization of the skeletal muscle-specific and inducible TSC2 knock-out mice. Six-week-old skeletal muscle-specific and inducible TSC2 knock-out mice (iTSC2KO+) or control mice (iTSC2KO−) were treated with 2 mg/day of tamoxifen for 5 days (TAM). A, at 7, 14, or 21 days after TAM, the TAs were subjected to Western blotting analysis for TSC2. The values above the blots are expressed relative to the 21-day TAM iTSC2KO− samples. B–G, all remaining analyses were performed on 14-day post-TAM iTSC2KO−/+ mice and included Western blotting analysis for the indicated proteins in soleus, brain, heart, and liver samples (B) or TAs (C and D). The values above the blots represent the total protein amount or the phosphorylated (P) to total protein ratio (P:T) for each group. E, rates of protein synthesis in TAs were assessed by Western blotting for puromycin-labeled peptides. F, muscle weight to body weight ratio of TAs. G, photograph of the TAM iTSC2KO−/+ mice. All values are presented as means (±S.E. in graph, n = 5–8/group). Symbols indicate significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) from 21-day iTSC2KO− (•), 7-day iTSC2KO+ (#), and 14-day iTSC2KO− (*).