Table 4.
Non-target studies conducted with commercially available attractive sugar bait (ASB) with insect orders and families evaluated for consumption effects of bait and secondary effects though consumption-affected mosquitoes.
| Reference # and Year of Study | Evaluation Method of ASB | Non-Targets Insect Orders | Percentage of Insects Stained |
|---|---|---|---|
| [51] 2013 | Consumption effects-Barrier | Hymenoptera | 1.30% |
| Lepidoptera | 0.60% | ||
| Coleoptera | 0.60% | ||
| Diptera | 15.00% | ||
| Hemiptera | 0.80% | ||
| Orthoptera | 1.00% | ||
| Neuroptera | 0.30% | ||
| [38] 2014 | Consumption effects-Barrier | Hymenoptera | 15% Flowering, 0.85% Non-flowering |
| Lepidoptera | 6.71% Flowering, 0.75% Non-flowering | ||
| Coleoptera | 5.18% Flowering, 0.69% Non-flowering | ||
| Diptera | 17.85% Flowering, 1.45% Non-flowering | ||
| Hemiptera | 3.21% Flowering, 0.27% Non-flowering | ||
| Orthoptera | 1.25% Flowering, 0.50 Non-flowering | ||
| [44] 2014 | Consumption effects-Barrier | Hymenoptera | 9.2% Flowering, 0.4% Non-flowering |
| Lepidoptera | 2.5% Flowering, 0.6% Non-flowering | ||
| Coleoptera | 3.5% Flowering, 0.5% Non-flowering | ||
| Diptera | 11.0% Flowering, 2.1% Non-flowering | ||
| Hemiptera | 7.6% Flowering, 0.0% Non-flowering | ||
| Orthoptera | Insect order not evaluated | ||
| Consumption effects-Bait Stations | Hymenoptera | 0.003 | |
| Lepidoptera | 0.30% | ||
| Coleoptera | 0.10% | ||
| Diptera | 4.30% | ||
| Hemiptera | Insect order not evaluated | ||
| Orthoptera | 0.30% | ||
| [49] 2015 | Consumption effects | Does not specify | 9.2%: 93% of the 9.2% from flowering |