Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of RTR, and association of energy adjusted EPA-DHA intake across clinical parameters.
| Clinical Variables | All Patients | EPA-DHA Intake (100 mg/Day) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Std.β | p | ||
| No. of patients | 627 | - | - |
| DHA, mg/day | 60 (28–129) | - | - |
| EPA, mg/day | 39 (13–85) | - | - |
| EPA-DHA, mg/day | 102 (42–215) | - | - |
| Demographics | |||
| Age, years | 53 ± 13 | 0.13 | 0.001 |
| Ethnicity (caucasian), n (%) | 625 (99.7) | 0.03 | 0.46 |
| Sex (male), n (%) | 353 (56.3) | 0.04 | 0.39 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 26.6 ± 4.7 | 0.08 | 0.04 |
| Body surface area, m2 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 0.01 | 0.78 |
| Cardiovascular history, n (%) | 251 (40.0) | 0.04 | 0.28 |
| Renal transplantation characteristics | |||
| Pre-emptive transplantation, n (%) | 102 (16.3) | 0.003 | 0.93 |
| Time between transplantation and baseline, years | 5.7 (2.0–12.2) | −0.002 | 0.95 |
| Hemodynamic parameters | |||
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 136 ± 17 | 0.001 | 0.98 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 83 ± 11 | 0.03 | 0.41 |
| Mean arterial pressure, mmHg | 108 ± 15 | 0.02 | 0.71 |
| Heart rate, beats per minute | 69 ± 12 | 0.01 | 0.78 |
| Antihypertensives, n (%) | 552 (88.0) | −0.04 | 0.34 |
| Renal function parameters | |||
| Creatinine, umol/L | 123 (99–159) | 0.005 | 0.91 |
| Cystatine-C, mg/L | 1.7 (1.3–2.2) | −0.06 | 0.13 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 45 ± 19 | −0.01 | 0.83 |
| Proteinuria ≥0.5 g/day, n (%) | 139 (22.2) | −0.02 | 0.55 |
| Glucose homeostasis | |||
| Glucose, mmol/L | 5.3 (4.8–6.0) | 0.06 | 0.14 |
| HbA1C, % | 5.8 (5.5–6.2) | 0.05 | 0.27 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 152 (24.2) | 0.02 | 0.60 |
| Antidiabetic medication, n (%) | 98 (15.6) | 0.02 | 0.67 |
| Serum parameters | |||
| Albumin, g/L | 43.0 ± 3.0 | −0.02 | 0.67 |
| hs-CRP, mg/L | 1.6 (0.7–4.5) | 0.06 | 0.13 |
| Lipids | |||
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.1 ± 1.1 | 0.08 | 0.06 |
| LDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 3.0 ± 0.9 | 0.06 | 0.13 |
| HDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.3 (1.1–1.7) | 0.07 | 0.10 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.7 (1.2–2.3) | −0.01 | 0.75 |
| Statin use, n (%) | 333 (53.1) | 0.02 | 0.57 |
| Health lifestyle | |||
| Current smoker, n (%) | 77 (12.3) | −0.008 | 0.85 |
| Alcohol consumers, n (%) | 547 (87.2) | −0.14 | <0.001 |
| Physical activity, intensity × hours | 5250 (2400–8160) | 0.03 | 0.41 |
| Total energy intake, kJ/day | 8756 (7224–10,636) | - | - |
RTR, renal transplant recipients; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1C, glycated hemoglobin; hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; kJ, kilojoule.