| C | Control intervention in which plain water was provided during training sessions |
| GF | Intervention in which glucose-fructose drinks were provided during training sessions |
| VO2max | Maximal oxygen consumption during incremental tests |
| Wmax | Maximal workload during incremental tests |
| WLT | Workload eliciting lactate turnpoint during incremental tests |
| VO2 | Oxygen consumption |
| VCO2 | Carbon dioxide production |
| Na-H13CO3 | Sodium bicarbonate with its carbon being a carbon-13 |
| NOLD | Non-oxidative lactate disposal |
| (6,6-2H2)-d-(+)-glucose | d-(+)-glucose deuterated twice on 6th carbon |
| (3-13C1)-l-(+)-lactate | l-(+)-lactate with its 3rd carbon being a carbon-13 |
| NaCl | Sodium chloride |
| EDTA | Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid |