Table 5. Barriers related to individual characteristics.

	Age	Sex	Race/Ethnicity*
Implementation phase:
1 PHR readiness
1.1 Use of technology	1
1.2 Usage intentions	3	1
1.3 Participation in design of PHRs		2
2 Initial registration	1	1	2
3 Initial use	3		2
4 Continued use	2		1
5 PHR benefits
Investigation type:
A Collection of data from PHR users, or non-participants	8		4
B An observational study using demographic data and records of users and non-users	3	2	4
C Attitudes and opinions of patients about barriers	2	1

Notes.

^*Barrier associated with socioeconomic disadvantage.