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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Pain Symptom Manage. 2017 Jan 4;53(5):887–900.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2016.12.339

Table 4.

Hierarchical Linear Model for Evening Energy

Evening Energy Coefficient (SE)
Unconditional Model Final Model
Fixed effects
 Intercept 3.552 (.058)+ 3.551 (.058)+
 Piecewise 1 – linear rate of change −0.275 (.109)* −0.277 (.107)*
 Piecewise 1 – quadratic rate of change 0.195 (.052)+ 0.196 (.051)+
 Piecewise 2 – linear rate of change −0.323 (.071)+ −0.327 (.070)+
 Piecewise 2 – quadratic rate of change 0.096 (.023)+ 0.097 (.022)+
Time invariant covariates
 Intercept
  Female −0.337 (.108)*
  Nonwhite 0.372 (.097)+
  Karnofsky Performance Status 0.019 (.004)+
  Sleep disturbance −0.009 (.003)*
  Attentional function 0.178 (.030)+
 Piecewise 1 – linear rate of change
  Evening energy −0.128 (.047)*
 Piecewise 1 – quadratic rate of change
  Evening energy 0.037 (.023)
 Variance components
  In intercept 1.462+ 1.467+
Goodness-of-fit deviance (parameters estimated) 27573.766 (7)** 27365.202 (14)
Model comparison χ2 (df) 208.564 (7)+
*

p<.05,

**

p<.001,

+

p<.0001

Abbreviations: df = degrees of freedom; SE = standard error