Table 3.

Concordance between pre-operative decisions using imaging alone versus imaging plus 3D printed model as compared to actual surgical procedure. Percentage indicates the percentage of time that the pre-operative decision matched the actual surgical approach (for 9 cases*, 27 total survey answers for each question). *One surgical procedure was not performed at our institution.

Pre-operative Decision	Imaging	Imaging + 3D Model
Q1: Radical or Partial Nephrectomy?	92.6%	100%
Q2: Robotic Laparoscopic or Open?	77.8%	81.5%
Q3: Retroperitoneal or Transperitoneal?	59.3%	55.6%
Q4: Clamping?	81.5%	85.2%